Method for deforming and/or fragmenting a cell, spore or virus with a vibrating plate
The present invention relates to a method for the deformation and/or fragmentation of a cell, spore or virus, the method comprising: (i) bringing a liquid sample containing the cell, spore or virus into contact with a first surface of a vibratable plate having at least one aperture, and causing the plate to vibrate; and (ii) passing the sample of the cell, spore or virus through the at least one aperture in the vibrating plate so as to cause deformation and/or fragmentation of the cell, spore or virus. It also concerns a device for carrying out the method.
1. A method for deforming and/or fragmenting a cell, a virus, or a mixture thereof, wherein the cell is a bacterial cell, yeast cell, mammalian cell, or blood cell, the method comprising:
(i) bringing a liquid sample containing the cell, virus, or mixture thereof into contact with a first surface of a vibratable plate having at least one aperture, and causing the plate to vibrate;
(ii) passing the liquid sample containing the cell and/or virus through the at least one aperture in the vibrating plate to cause a) deformation of the cell and/or virus by shear force, mechanical impact and/or ultrasonic effects, and/or b) fragmentation of the cell and/or virus; and
(iii) collecting a liquid comprising the deformed or fragmented cell and/or virus.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one aperture has an average diameter of 20 to 170% relative to the diameter of an average cell or virus in the liquid sample.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein relaxation of the cell and/or virus after passing of the cell and/or virus through the at least one aperture causes the outer membrane and/or wall of the cell and/or virus to become more permeable to external molecular species.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is for fragmenting the cell and/or virus and wherein the at least one aperture has an average diameter of less than 70% relative to the average diameter of the cell or virus.
5. The method according claim 1 , wherein the vibratable plate is a vibratable mesh having a plurality of apertures.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein vibration of the plate causes the plate to be displaced perpendicular to the plane of the plate.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein vibration of the plate is caused by a piezoelectric actuator.
8. The method according to claim 1 , comprising deforming or fragmenting the cell.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein beads are added to the liquid sample containing the cell, virus, or mixture thereof.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein enzymes and/or salts are added to the liquid sample containing the cell, virus, or mixture thereof.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the vibration of the plate has an amplitude of 0.1 to 5 μm and a frequency of 5 to 200 kHz.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein plate size, aperture size, positioning of the at least one aperture in the plate, vibration frequency and/or velocity of plate movement are selected to deform and/or fragment the cell or virus as compared to a different cell or virus, respectively.
13. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising chemical-based transfection, non-chemical-based transfection, and/or particle-based transfection.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein relaxation of the cell and/or virus following passing of the cell and/or virus through the at least one aperture causes the outer membrane and/or wall of the cell and/or virus to become permeable to external macromolecular species.