Inorganic red pigment
An inorganic red pigment is provided which pigment comprises titanium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, and tungsten oxide, wherein the molar ratios of the oxides correspond to a composition of formula (TiO 2 ) a (SnO x ) b (ZnO) c (WO 3 ) d (I), wherein SnO x comprises SnO and SnO 2 in a molar ratio of SnO:SnO 2 of from 70:30 to 100:0; 0.8≦a≦3.0; 0.3≦b≦2.0; 0.3≦c≦1.3; and 0.01≦d≦0.8. Optionally, SiO 2 , other metal oxides or metal sulfides may be present. The inorganic pigment may be used as colorant in various applications.
1. A pigment comprising titanium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide and tungsten oxide, wherein the molar ratios of the oxides correspond to a composition of formula
(TiO 2 ) a (SnO x ) b (ZnO) c (WO 3 ) d (I), wherein
SnO x comprises SnO and SnO 2 in a molar ratio of SnO:SnO 2 of from 0.7:0.3 to 1:0;
0.8≦a≦3.0;
0.3≦b≦2.0;
0.3≦c≦1.3; and
0.01≦d≦0.8.
2. The pigment according to claim 1 , wherein ZnO is partially replaced by ZnS and the molar ratio of ZnO to ZnS is in the range of from 1.25:0.05 to 1.0:0.3.
3. The pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the pigment comprises a sulfide of Sn, Ca, Ba or Mn.
4. The pigment according to claim 1 , wherein 0.1≦d≦0.5.
5. The pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of SnO:SnO 2 in SnO x is of from 0.75:0.25 to 0.98:0.02.
6. The pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of SnO:SnO 2 in SnO x is of from 0.8:0.2 to 0.9:0.1.
7. The pigment according to claim 1 , wherein the pigment is coated with at least one layer.
8. The pigment according to claim 7 , wherein the said at least one layer is an inorganic layer.
9. The pigment according to claim 1 , wherein pigment has a hue less than 57 (measured according to the CIELAB system).
10. The pigment according to claim 1 , wherein pigment has a hue less than 51 (measured according to the CIELAB system).
11. A pigment mixture comprising
a) 1% to 90% by weight of the pigment as defined in claims 1 , and
b) 10% to 99% by weight of one or more further pigments selected from the group consisting of an organic pigment, an inorganic pigment and an effect pigment.
12. A process for coloring a material which comprises utilizing the pigment according to claim 1 wherein the process is selected from the group consisting of a process for coloring
a paint,
a printing ink,
a liquid ink,
a cosmetic,
a plastics,
a film, a fiber, and
a glaze for ceramics or glass.
13. A process for coloring a material which comprises utilizing the pigment mixture according to claim 11 wherein the process is selected from the group consisting of a process for coloring
a paint,
a printing ink,
a liquid ink,
a cosmetic,
a plastics,
a film, a fiber, and
a glaze for ceramics or glass.
14. Paints, printing inks, liquid inks, cosmetics, plastics, films, fibers, or glazes for ceramics and glass, which are colored with the pigment according to claim 1 .
15. Paints, printing inks, liquid inks, cosmetics, plastics, films, fibers, or glazes for ceramics and glass, which are colored with the pigment mixture according to claim 11 .
16. A pigment comprising titanium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide and tungsten oxide, wherein the molar ratios of the oxides correspond to a composition of formula
(TiO 2 ) a (SnO x ) b (ZnO) c (WO 3 ) d (E y O z ) e (II), wherein
SnO x comprises SnO and SnO 2 in a molar ratio of SnO:SnO 2 of from 0.7:0.3 to 1:0;
E y O z is an oxide of an element selected from Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sb, Bi, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Y, La, Ce, Eu or a combination thereof;
SnO x and/or ZnO may be partially replaced by the corresponding sulfide;
E y O z may be replaced by E y S z ;
y varies from 1 to 2; z varies from 1 to 5;
0.8≦a≦3.0;
0.3≦b≦2.0;
0.3≦c≦1.3;
0.01≦d≦0.8; and
0≦e≦0.5.
17. The pigment according to claim 16 , wherein
1.1≦a≦2.4; 0.5≦b≦1.5; 0.4≦c≦1.1; 0.1≦d≦0.6; and 0≦e≦0.3.
18. The pigment according to claim 16 , wherein E y O z is an oxide of K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Si, Bi, V, Nb, Ta, Mn or a combination thereof.
19. The pigment according to claim 16 , wherein 0.4≦c≦0.7 and 0.01≦e≦0.3.
20. The pigment according to claim 16 , wherein pigment has a hue less than 57 (measured according to the CIELAB system).
21. A process for producing the pigment as defined in claim 16 , which process comprises
a) mixing TiO 2 , ZnO, SnO, WO 3 , or a precursor compound thereof, and optionally at least one compound selected from E y O z , SnS, ZnS or E y S z , or a precursor compound thereof as a dry powder to form a powder mixture;
b) calcining the powder mixture at a temperature of from 600 to 950° C. to form a furnace clinker;
c) grinding the furnace clinker to form pigment particles; and
d) optionally coating the pigment particles with at least one layer.
22. The process according to claim 21 , wherein the calcining temperature is of from 700 to 875° C.