Food allergen detection methods and systems using molecularly imprinted polymers
Methods and devices for the detection of food allergens using molecularly imprinted polymers that are imprinted for a target food allergen. A molecularly imprinted polymer may be imprinted using surface imprinting or other procedures. Detection of food allergens, such as peanut allergens, may be accomplished using all or a portion of a protein food allergen as a template to produce a molecularly imprinted polymer for food allergen detection. A portion utilized can be one that creates receptor sites in the molecularly imprinted polymer that are unique or more unique to the target food allergen than receptor sites that would be created if an entire food allergen molecule were utilized.
1. A device comprising:
a food allergen detection platform comprising:
a substrate; and
a molecularly imprinted polymer layer in contact with the substrate, the molecularly imprinted polymer layer comprising receptor sites imprinted in a first surface of the polymer, the receptor sites configured to accept a first indicator of a first food allergen, and the receptor sites having been formed with a first template molecule; and
a detector comprising an electrical characteristic detector integrated into the substrate and/or the molecularly imprinted polymer, and which is configured to detect the presence of the first food allergen upon binding of one or more molecules of the first indicator to one or more of the receptor sites;
wherein:
the device is a food allergen detection device;
the first template molecule is a molecule of the first food allergen, or a portion thereof which is indicative of the first food allergen; and
the molecule of the first food allergen is a protein, a portion of a protein, or an epitope of a protein.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the molecule of the first food allergen is a protein.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the molecule of the first food allergen is a portion of a protein.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the molecule of the first food allergen is an epitope of a protein.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the molecule of the first food allergen is a 14-peptide epitope, DLAFPGSGEQVEKL.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first food allergen comprises a peanut allergen, a tree nut allergen, a fish allergen, a dairy allergen, a fruit allergen, a legume allergen, a grain allergen, a beverage allergen, a chocolate allergen, a synthetic chemical allergen found in food, or a combination of any two or more thereof.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first food allergen comprises a peanut allergen.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises a poly(4-vinylphenol), a poly(urethane), a poly(methylmethacrylate), a poly(methacrylic acid), poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), a co-polymer of any two or more there, or a polymer blend of any two or more thereof.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first indicator is a food protein.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first indicator is a peanut food protein.
11. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first indicator is arachis hypogaea allergen 1 (ara h1), arachis hypogaea allergen 2 (ara h2), arachis hypogaea allergen 3 (ara li3), or a combination of any two or more thereof.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a glass, a plastic, a paper, a quartz, alumina, mica, silicon, a III-IV semiconductor compound, or a combination of any two or more thereof.
13. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrical characteristic detector is a thermistor, an integrated circuit element, or a combination thereof.
14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrical characteristic detector is an electrical resistance detector, electrical conductance detector, a current detector, a voltage detector, a capacitance detector, a transistor on current detector, a transistor off current detector, a transistor threshold voltage detector, or a combination of any two or more thereof.
15. A method for detecting a food allergen, the method comprising:
exposing a first target item with a food allergen detection platform, the detection platform comprising:
a substrate; and
a molecularly imprinted polymer layer in contact with the substrate, the molecularly imprinted polymer layer comprising a polymer imprinted on a first surface of the polymer with receptor sites created by a first template, the receptor sites configured to detect a first indicator of a first food allergen;
detecting the presence or absence of one or more molecules of the first indicator bound to one or more of the receptor sites by detecting an electrical characteristic of the molecularly imprinted polymer layer and/or the substrate; and
providing an indication of the presence of the first food allergen;
wherein:
the first template is a molecule of the first food allergen, or a portion thereof which is indicative of the first food allergen; and
the molecule of the first food allergen is a protein, a portion of a protein, or an epitope of a protein.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the electrical characteristic is an electrical characteristic selected from the group consisting of an electrical resistance, an electrical conductance, a current, a voltage, a capacitance, a transistor on current, a transistor off current, a transistor threshold voltage, and any combinations thereof.