Water recycling in a CO
Apparatuses, systems, and methods related to removing carbon dioxide from a gas stream are provided. Gas streams can be waste gas streams or natural gas streams. The systems and methods for removing carbon dioxide incorporate water repurposing schemes. Still others are disclosed.
1. A method of effectively reducing an amount of carbon dioxide from a gas stream comprising the steps of
(a) generating an aqueous hydroxide solution in a chloro-alkali cell;
(b) diluting the aqueous hydroxide solution to obtain a 5% to 15% by weight aqueous hydroxide solution;
(c) admixing the diluted aqueous hydroxide solution with a first portion of a gas stream containing carbon dioxide to produce carbonate in a first admixture; and
(d) removing water from the first admixture in a water removal unit;
(e) after step (d), admixing the first admixture with a second portion of the gas stream to produce bicarbonate in a second admixture.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein 20% to 30% of water is removed from the first admixture in step (d).
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein 23% to 26% of water is removed from the first admixture in step (d).
4. The method of claim 1 , where the diluted aqueous hydroxide solution has a concentration of 8% to 10%.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of separating a liquid phase from a solid phase of the second admixture and adding as a diluent at least a portion of the liquid phase to the aqueous hydroxide solution in step (b).
6. The method of claim 1 , where the second admixture comprises a liquid phase and a solid phase and the method further comprises the steps of separating the liquid phase from the solid phase and returning at least a portion of the liquid phase to the second admixture where the first admixture is admixed.
7. The method of claim 1 , where the second admixture comprises a liquid phase and a solid phase and the method further comprises the steps of separating the liquid phase from the solid phase and adding at least a portion of the liquid phase to the water removal unit.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the aqueous hydroxide comprises:
obtaining a group-1 or group-2 salt;
admixing the salt with acid and water, acid and steam, or acid, water, and steam to produce a protonated salt solution; and electrolyzing the protonated salt solution to produce the hydroxide, a hydrogen gas, and a chlorine gas.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising removing water from the hydrogen gas and transferring the water removed from the hydrogen gas to a condensate storage tank.
10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising removing water from the first portion and the second portion of the gas stream after exiting the first admixture and second admixture, respectively, and transferring the water removed from the gas stream to a condensate storage tank.
11. The method of claim 1 , where the second admixture comprises a liquid phase and a solid phase and the method further comprises the steps of separating the liquid phase from the solid phase; drying the solid phase in a dryer; removing the water from an exhaust of the dryer; and transferring the water removed from the exhaust to a condensate storage tank.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas stream is a natural gas stream or a flue-gas stream.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydroxide is in the form of sodium hydroxide.