Particle, electrode, power storage device, electronic device, and method for manufacturing electrode
To increase capacity per weight of a power storage device, a particle includes a first region, a second region in contact with at least part of a surface of the first region and located on the outside of the first region, and a third region in contact with at least part of a surface of the second region and located on the outside of the second region. The first and the second regions contain lithium and oxygen. At least one of the first region and the second region contains manganese. At least one of the first and the second regions contains an element M. The first region contains a first crystal having a layered rock-salt structure. The second region contains a second crystal having a layered rock-salt structure. An orientation of the first crystal is different from an orientation of the second crystal.
1. A particle comprising a lithium-manganese composite oxide, comprising:
a first region;
a second region; and
a third region,
wherein the second region is in contact with at least a part of the first region,
wherein the third region is in contact with at least a part of the second region,
wherein the first region and the second region comprise lithium and oxygen,
wherein at least one of the first region and the second region comprises manganese,
wherein at least one of the first region and the second region comprises an element represented by M
wherein the element represented by M is one or more elements selected from Cr, Ni, Ga, Fe, Mo, In, Nb, Nd, Co, Sm, Mg, Al, Ti, Cu, Zn, Si, and P,
wherein the third region comprises carbon,
wherein the first region comprises a first crystal having a layered rock-salt structure,
wherein the second region comprises a second crystal having a layered rock-salt structure, and
wherein a {0 0 1} plane of the first crystal is parallel to at least one of a {1 0 0} plane, a {1 3 −1} plane, and a {−1 3 1} plane of the second crystal.
2. The particle according to claim 1 , wherein the second region comprises a layered region having a thickness of greater than or equal to 0.1 nm and less than or equal to 30 nm.
3. A secondary battery comprising a positive electrode including the particle according to claim 1 .
4. An electronic device comprising a semiconductor device, a display device and the secondary battery according to claim 3 .
5. A particle comprising a lithium-manganese composite oxide, comprising:
a first region;
a second region; and
a third region,
wherein the second region is in contact with at least a part of the first region,
wherein the third region is in contact with at least a part of the second region,
wherein the first region and the second region comprise lithium and oxygen,
wherein at least one of the first region and the second region comprises manganese,
wherein at least one of the first region and the second region comprises an element represented by M,
wherein the element represented by M is one or more elements selected from Cr, Ni, Ga, Fe, Mo, In, Nb, Nd, Co, Sm, Mg, Al. Ti, Cu, Zn, Si, and P,
wherein the third region comprises carbon,
wherein the first region comprises a first crystal having a layered rock-salt structure,
wherein the second region comprises a second crystal having a layered rock-salt structure, and
wherein an orientation of the first crystal is different from an orientation of the second crystal.
6. The particle according to claim 5 , wherein a {0 0 1} plane of the first crystal is parallel to at least one of a {1 0 0} plane, a {1 3 −1} plane, and a {−1 3 1} plane of the second crystal.
7. The particle according to claim 5 , wherein the second region comprises a layered region having a thickness of greater than or equal to 0.1 nm and less than or equal to 30 nm.
8. A secondary battery comprising a positive electrode including the particle according 20 to claim 5 .
9. An electronic device comprising a semiconductor device, a display device and the secondary battery according to claim 8 .
10. A particle comprising a lithium-manganese composite oxide, comprising:
a first region;
a second region; and
a third region,
wherein the second region is in contact with at least a part of the first region,
wherein the third region is in contact with at least a part of the second region,
wherein the first region and the second region comprise lithium and oxygen,
wherein at least one of the first region and the second region comprises manganese,
wherein at least one of the first region and the second region comprises an element represented by M,
wherein the element represented by M is one or more elements selected from Cr, Ni, Ga, Fe, Mo, In, Nb, Nd, Co, Sm, Mg, Al, Ti, Cu, Zn, Si, and P,
wherein the third region comprises carbon,
wherein the first region comprises a first crystal having a layered rock-salt structure, and
wherein the second region comprises a second crystal having a spinel structure.
11. The particle according to claim 10 , wherein the second region comprises a layered region having a thickness of greater than or equal to 0.1 nm and less than or equal to 30 nm.
12. A secondary battery comprising a positive electrode including the particle according to claim 10 .
13. An electronic device comprising a semiconductor device, a display device and the secondary battery according to claim 12 .
14. A particle comprising a lithium-manganese composite oxide, comprising:
a first region;
a second region; and
a third region,
wherein the second region is in contact with at least a part of the first region,
wherein the third region is in contact with at least a part of the second region,
wherein the first region and the second region comprise lithium and oxygen,
wherein at least one of the first region and the second region comprises manganese,
wherein at least one of the first region and the second region comprises an element represented by M,
wherein the element represented by M is one or more elements selected from Cr, Ni, Ga, Fe, Mo, In, Nb, Nd, Co, Sm, Mg, Al, Ti, Cu, Zn, Si, and P,
wherein the third region comprises carbon,
wherein an atomic ratio of lithium, manganese, the element M, and oxygen in the first region is represented by a 1 :b 1 :c 1 :d 1 ,
wherein an atomic ratio of lithium, manganese, the element M, and oxygen in the second region is represented by a 2 :b 2 :c 2 :d 2 ,
wherein d 1 /(b 1 +c 1 ) is greater than or equal to 2.2, and
wherein d 2 /(b 2 +c 2 ) is less than 2.2.
15. The particle according to claim 14 , wherein a thickness of the third region is greater than or equal to 0.1 nm and less than or equal to 30 nm.
16. The particle according to claim 14 , wherein the second region comprises a layered region having a thickness of greater than or equal to 0.1 nm and less than or equal to 30 nm.
17. A secondary battery comprising a positive electrode including the particle according to claim 14 .
18. An electronic device comprising a semiconductor device, a display device and the secondary battery according to claim 17 .
19. A particle comprising a lithium-manganese composite oxide, comprising:
a first region;
a second region; and
a third region,
wherein the second region is in contact with at least a part of the first region,
wherein the third region is in contact with at least a part of the second region,
wherein the first region and the second region comprise lithium, manganese, an element represented by M and oxygen,
wherein the element represented by M is one or more elements selected from Cr, Ni, Ga, Fe, Mo, In, Nb, Nd, Co, Sm, Mg, Al, Ti, Cu, Zn, Si, and P,
wherein the third region comprises carbon,
wherein an atomic ratio of lithium, manganese, the element M, and oxygen in the first region is represented by a 1 :b 1 :c 1 :d 1 ,
wherein an atomic ratio of lithium, manganese, the element M, and oxygen in the second region is represented by a 2 :b 2 :c 2 :d 2 ,
wherein d 1 /(b 1 +c 1 ) is greater than or equal to 2.2,
wherein d 2 /(b 2 +c 2 ) is less than 2.2,
wherein the first region comprises a first crystal having a layered rock-salt structure,
wherein the second region comprises a second crystal having a layered rock-salt structure, and
wherein a {0 0 1} plane of the first crystal is parallel to at least one of a {1 0 0} plane, a {1 3 −1} plane, and a {− 1 3 1 } plane of the second crystal.
20. The particle according to claim 19 , wherein the second region comprises a layered region having a thickness of greater than or equal to 0.1 nm and less than or equal to 30 nm.
21. A secondary battery comprising a positive electrode including the particle according to claim 19 .
22. An electronic device comprising a semiconductor device, a display device and the secondary battery according to claim 21 .