Sternboard drive for marine electric propulsion
A watertight, transom mounted, electric marine sterndrive propulsion drive unit mounted to an external surface of the transom of a marine vessel comprising an integrated electric motor with an output shaft, an intermediate drive shaft mechanically coupled to the electric motor output shaft, one or more propeller shafts mechanically coupled to the drive shaft, and one or more propellers mechanically coupled to the one or more propeller shafts.
1. An electric sterndrive propulsion unit mountable to an external surface of a water vessel transom having an upper extremity, the propulsion unit comprising:
a sterndrive housing containing no internal combustion engine and configured to fit below the upper extremity of the transom;
an electric motor positioned within the housing and having an output shaft;
an electrical cable couple to the electric motor and positioned to extend through the transom to an electrical power source;
an intermediate drive shaft positioned within the housing and mechanically coupled to the output shaft;
one or more propeller shafts mechanically coupled to the intermediate drive shaft and extending outwardly from the housing; and
one or more propellers mechanically coupled to the one or more propeller shafts external to the housing and positioned to be fully submerged.
2. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 1 , further comprising a mechanical transmission connected between the output shaft and the one or more propeller shafts.
3. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 1 wherein the electric motor is oriented horizontally, with the output shaft pointed toward or away from the transom and parallel to the one or more propeller shafts, and wherein the drive shaft is oriented perpendicular to both the electric motor output shaft and the one or more propeller shafts.
4. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 3 , further comprising at least one of a belt or chain connecting the electric motor output shaft and one or more propeller shafts.
5. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 3 , further comprising a first right angle gear set between the electric motor output shaft and the drive shaft, and a second right angle gear set between the drive shaft and the one or more propeller shafts.
6. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 1 wherein the electric motor is oriented vertically and wherein the drive shaft is parallel to the electric motor output shaft and perpendicular to the one or more propeller shafts.
7. The electric sterndrive propulsion drive unit of claim 6 , further comprising an inline mechanical coupling between the electric motor output shaft and the drive shaft, and a right angle gear set between the drive shaft and the one or more propeller shafts.
8. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 7 wherein the inline mechanical coupling between the electric motor output shaft and the drive shaft includes a planetary gear set.
9. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 6 , further comprising a parallel gear set between the electric motor output shaft and the drive shaft, and a right angle gear set between the drive shaft and the one or more propeller shafts.
10. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 1 , further comprising means to reduce or increase rotational speed of the one or more propeller shafts relative to the electric motor output shaft, wherein the means includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a belt, a chain and gears.
11. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 1 , further comprising a liquid cooling system for cooling the electric motor.
12. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 11 wherein the liquid cooling system includes a heat exchanger positioned to transfer heat from the liquid cooling system into a body of water in which the propulsion unit operates.
13. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 12 wherein the liquid cooling system is positioned to lubricate at least one of a shaft, a gear set, or a bearing.
14. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 1 , further comprising a mounting interface positioned to attach to the water vessel transom.
15. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 1 , further comprising an electronic controller coupled to the electric motor.
16. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 1 , further comprising:
the water vessel; and
one or more electric energy storage devices electrically coupled to the electric motor and positioned in the water vessel forward of the transom.
17. The electric sterndrive propulsion unit of claim 1 wherein the housing is watertight.
18. An electric sterndrive propulsion unit mountable to an external surface of a water vessel transom having an upper extremity, the propulsion unit comprising:
a sterndrive housing configured to fit below the upper extremity of the transom;
an electric motor positioned within the housing and having an output shaft;
an electrical cable coupled to the electric motor and positioned to extend through the transom to an electrical power source;
an intermediate drive shaft positioned within the housing and mechanically coupled to the output shaft;
one or more propeller shafts mechanically coupled to the intermediate drive shaft and extending outwardly from the housing;
one or more propellers mechanically coupled to the one or more propeller shafts external to the housing and positioned to be fully submerged; and
a cooling system having a closed-loop liquid path in thermal communication with the electric motor, the cooling system having no water intake for drawing cooling water from a surrounding body of water.
19. An electric sterndrive propulsion unit mountable to an external surface of a water vessel transom having an upper extremity, the propulsion unit comprising:
a sterndrive housing configured to fit below the upper extremity of the transom;
an electric motor positioned within the housing and having a forward-facing output shaft;
an electrical cable coupled to the electric motor and positioned to extend through the transom to an electrical power source;
an intermediate drive shaft positioned within the housing and mechanically coupled to the forward-facing output shaft;
one or more propeller shafts mechanically coupled to the intermediate drive shaft and extending outwardly from the housing; and
one or more propellers mechanically coupled to the one or more propeller shafts external to the housing and positioned to be fully submerged.
20. A motorboat, comprising:
a hull having a transom with an external surface and an upper extremity;
at least one propulsion battery carried by the hull forward of the transom; and
an electric sterndrive propulsion unit mounted to the external surface of the transom, the propulsion unit comprising:
a sterndrive housing configured to fit below the upper extremity of the transom;
an electric motor electrically coupled to the at least one propulsion battery, positioned within the housing, and having an output shaft;
an electrical cable extending through the transom and coupled between the electric motor and the at least one propulsion battery;
an intermediate drive shaft positioned within the housing and mechanically coupled to the output shaft;
one or more propeller shafts mechanically coupled to the intermediate drive shaft and extending outwardly from the housing; and
one or more propellers mechanically coupled to the one or more propeller shafts external to the housing and positioned to be fully submerged.