Composite material and method of preparing the same from substantially unsorted waste
A composite material having thermoplastic properties and comprising organic matter and optionally one or both of inorganic matter and plastic with unique characteristics is provided. Such a composite material may be prepared from waste such as domestic waste. For preparation of the composite material, waste is dried, optionally particulated. The dried and optionally particulated waste material is then heated, while mixing under shear forces. The composite material is processed to obtain useful articles.
1. A method of processing waste material, comprising:
providing dried particulates comprising substantially unsorted dried municipal waste material,
wherein the substantially unsorted dried municipal waste material consists essentially of 1 to 50 wt % inorganic matter based on a total weight of the dried unsorted municipal waste material, 10 to 40 wt % plastic matter based on the total weight of the dried unsorted municipal waste material, and a remainder of non-plastic organic matter; and
extruding the dried particulates at a temperature of 150 degrees Celsius to 210 degrees Celsius under sufficient shear forces to thereby obtain a composite material; wherein the composite material
has a notched izod impact above 12 J/m,
has a surface energy of at least 40 dyne/cm, and
wherein a sample thereof that has been subjected to injection molding, has thermoplastic properties with at least two of the following:
tensile strength of above about 2.7 MPa,
tensile modulus of above about 600 MPa,
flexural modulus above about 690 MPa,
flexural strength above about 5.6 MPa, and
Charpy Impact above about 1.5 KJ/m 2 .
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature is 150° C. to 180° C.
3. A method of processing municipal waste material, comprising:
providing dried particulates comprising substantially unsorted dried municipal waste material,
wherein the substantially unsorted dried municipal waste material consists essentially of 1 to 50 wt % inorganic matter based on a total weight of the dried unsorted municipal waste material, 10 to 40 wt % plastic matter based on the total weight of the dried unsorted municipal waste material, and a remainder of non-plastic organic matter consisting essentially of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and combinations thereof; and
extruding the dried particulates at a temperature of 150 degrees Celsius to 210 degrees Celsius under sufficient shear forces to thereby obtain a composite material;
wherein the composite material
has a notched izod impact above 12 J/m,
has a surface energy of at least 40 dyne/cm, and
wherein a sample thereof that has been subjected to injection molding, has thermoplastic properties with at least two of the following:
tensile strength of above about 2.7 MPa,
tensile modulus of above about 600 MPa,
flexural modulus above about 690 MPa,
flexural strength above about 5.6 MPa, and
Charpy Impact above about 1.5 KJ/m 2 .
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the temperature is 150° C. to 180° C.
5. A method of processing waste material, comprising:
extruding particulate dried material consisting essentially of substantially unsorted dried municipal waste material at a temperature of 150 degrees Celsius to 210 degrees Celsius under shear forces to thereby obtain a composite material;
said dried material consisting essentially of 1 to 50 wt % inorganic matter based on a total weight of said dried material, 10 to 40 wt % plastic matter based on a total weight of said dried material, and a remainder of non-plastic organic matter;
wherein the composite material
has a notched izod impact above 12 J/m,
has a surface energy of at least 40 dyne/cm, and
wherein a sample thereof that has been subjected to injection molding, has thermoplastic properties with at least two of the following:
tensile strength of above about 2.7 MPa,
tensile modulus of above about 600 MPa,
flexural modulus above about 690 MPa,
flexural strength above about 5.6 MPa, and
Charpy Impact above about 1.5 KJ/m 2 .
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the temperature is 150° C. to 180° C.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the non-plastic organic matter consists essentially of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and combinations thereof.