Brushless direct current electric motor and electric power steering system
A brushless direct current electric motor includes a first sub-motor and a second sub-motor. The first sub-motor and the second sub-motor share a common rotor, and each comprises an independent stator. The stators of each sub-motor comprises a plurality of teeth and a plurality of windings. The teeth of the first sub-motor and the teeth of the second sub-motor are interleavingly arranged in a circumferential direction or arranged side by side in an axial direction. The first sub-motor and the second sub-motor are configured to cooperatively work as a single electric motor to output a normal power. When one of the sub-motors breaks down, the other sub-motor can be operated independently to enhance reliability and safety of the brushless direct current electric motor.
1. A brushless direct current electric motor, comprising:
a first sub-motor; and
a second sub-motor,
wherein the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor share a common rotor, and each comprises an independent stator which together form a combined stator of the electric motor, the stator of the first sub-motor comprises a plurality of teeth and a plurality of windings, the stator of the second sub-motor comprises a plurality of teeth and a plurality of windings, the plurality of the windings of the first and the second sub-motors respectively form star-connection; the teeth of the first sub-motor and the teeth of the second sub-motor are interleavingly arranged in a circumferential direction or arranged side by side in an axial direction, the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor are configured to work as a single electric motor to output a normal power, and when one of the two sub-motors breaks down, the other sub-motor is capable of working independently, and
wherein the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor are respectively controlled by two controllers, the currents of the two sub-motors have a phase difference, such that the n-th order harmonic waveform of a torque of the second sub-motor is shifted relative to the n-th order harmonic waveform of a torque of the first sub-motor by (2k+1)/2period, wherein k=0, ±1, ±2, ±3 . . . .
2. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 1 , wherein the brushless direct current electric motor is a two phase electric motor, and the following equation is satisfied:
Np
Ns
=
k
-
1
2
,
k
=
1
,
2
,
3
…
wherein Np represents the number of rotor poles, Ns represents the number of slots of the combined stator, and Np and Ns are even numbers.
3. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 1 , wherein the brushless direct current electric motor is a three phase electric motor, and the following equation is satisfied,
Np
Ns
≠
1
4
k
,
k
=
1
,
2
,
3
…
wherein Np represents the number of rotor poles and is an even number, and Ns represents the number of slots of the combined stator, Ns=6k, k=1,2,3 . . . .
4. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 1 , wherein the teeth of the first sub-motor and the teeth of the second sub-motor are interleavingly and uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction.
5. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 4 , wherein the combined stator has twelve slots, and each of the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor comprises six teeth, the six teeth are divided into two U phase teeth, two V phase teeth, and two W phase teeth, the two teeth of the same phase are symmetrically arranged and spaced 180 degrees apart.
6. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 4 , wherein the combined stator has twelve slots, and each of the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor comprises six teeth, the six teeth are divided into two U phase teeth, two V phase teeth, and two W phase teeth, the two teeth of the same phase are spaced 90 degrees apart.
7. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 4 , wherein the teeth of the first sub-motor are arranged adjacent one another and substantially form a half of an annulus, the teeth of the second sub-motor are arranged adjacent one another and substantially form the other half of the annulus.
8. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 7 , wherein the combined stator has twelve slots, and each of the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor comprises six teeth, the six teeth are divided into two U phase teeth, two V phase teeth, and two W phase teeth, the two teeth of the same phase are spaced 90 degrees apart.
9. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 4 , wherein the teeth of the first sub-motor are divided into two sets of teeth circumferentially spaced apart, the teeth of each set are arranged adjacent one another circumferentially, the teeth of the second sub-motor are divided into two sets of teeth circumferentially spaced apart, the teeth of each set are arranged adjacent one another circumferentially.
10. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 9 , wherein each set of teeth of the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor comprises a U phase tooth, a V phase tooth, and a W phase tooth.
11. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 1 , wherein the teeth of the first sub-motor and the teeth of the second sub-motor are interleavingly and non-uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction.
12. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 11 , wherein the combined stator has twelve slots, and each of the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor comprises six teeth, the six teeth are divided into two U phase teeth, two V phase teeth, and two W phase teeth, the two U phase teeth are spaced 180 degrees apart, the two V phase teeth are spaced 180 degrees apart, and the two W phase teeth are spaced 90 degrees apart.
13. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 11 , wherein the combined stator has twelve slots, and each of the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor comprises six teeth, the six teeth are divided into two U phase teeth, two V phase teeth, and two W phase teeth, the two U phase teeth are spaced 180 degrees apart, the two V phase teeth are spaced 90 degrees apart, and the two W phase teeth are spaced 90 degrees apart.
14. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 1 , wherein a standard position of the second sub-motor is defined as the position of the second sub-motor relative to the first sub-motor when a torque ripple produced by the second sub-motor is the same as a torque ripple produced by the first sub-motor, and the second sub-motor is rotated by a mechanical angle Δθrelative to the standard position in a circumferential direction to reduce the torque ripple of the electric motor.
15. The brushless direct current electric motor of claim 14 , wherein
Δ
θ
=
180
°
nmNp
(
2
k
+
1
)
,
wherein, k=0, ±1, ±2, ±3 . . . , n represents an order of the harmonic wave to be improved, and m represents the number of phases of the electric motor.
16. An electric power steering system, comprising:
a steering wheel;
a steering column fixed to the steering wheel;
a steering gear fixed to the steering column; and
an electric motor drivingly connected to the steering gear,
wherein the electric motor is a brushless direct current electric motor comprising:
a first sub-motor; and
a second sub-motor,
wherein the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor share a common rotor, and each comprises an independent stator, the stator of the first sub-motor comprises a plurality of teeth and a plurality of windings, the stator of the second sub-motor comprises a plurality of teeth and a plurality of windings, the plurality of the windings of the first and the second sub-motors respectively form star-connection; the teeth of the first sub-motor and the teeth of the second sub-motor are interleavingly arranged in a circumferential direction or arranged side by side in an axial direction, the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor are configured to work as a single electric motor to output a normal power, when one of the two sub-motors breaks down, the other sub-motor is capable of working independently to enhance reliability and safety of the brushless direct current electric motor, and
wherein the first sub-motor and the second sub-motor are respectively controlled by two controllers, the currents of the two sub-motors have a phase difference, such that the n-th order harmonic waveform of a torque of the second sub-motor is shifted relative to the n-th order harmonic waveform of a torque of the first sub-motor by (2k+1)/2 period, wherein k=0, ±1, ±2, ±3 . . . .
17. The electric power steering system of claim 16 , wherein an n-th order harmonic waveform of a torque of the second sub-motor is shifted relative to an n order harmonic waveform of a torque of the first sub-motor by (2k+1)/2 period, wherein k=0, ±1, ±2, ±3 . . . .
18. An electric power steering system for a vehicle, comprising:
a steering wheel;
a steering mechanism arranged to steer the vehicle;
an electric motor drivingly connected to the steering mechanism: and
at least one controller for controlling the electric motor,
wherein the steering wheel provides an input to the at least one controller, and the electric motor is a brushless direct current electric motor as defined in claim 1 .