Coupling method for peptide synthesis at elevated temperatures
An improved method for coupling carboxylic acids and amines is disclosed that includes the steps of combining a hyper-acid sensitive linker connecting an amine and a resin, a carboxylic acid, a carbodiimide, an activator additive, and a base, and carrying out the activation and coupling at a temperature greater than 30° C.
1. In a method for coupling carboxylic acids and amines, the improvement comprising:
combining a hyper-acid sensitive linker connecting an amine and a resin, a carboxylic acid to be activated, a carbodiimide, an activator additive, and a base wherein the base is in an amount of less than 1 equivalent compared to the carboxylic acid to be activated;
carrying out the activation of the carboxylic acid; and
coupling the activated carboxylic acid to the amine connected to the resin by a hyper-acid sensitive linker at a temperature greater than 30° C.
2. A solid phase peptide synthesis method according to claim 1 .
3. The method according to claim 1 in which the hyper-acid sensitive linker connects a carboxylic acid to the resin.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the amount of base is no more than 0.2 equivalent based on the amount of carboxylic acid to be activated.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the amount of base is no more than 0.1 equivalent based on the amount of carboxylic acid to be activated.
6. The method according to claim 1 in which the linker is selected from the group consisting of 2 chlorotrityl and Trityl.
7. The method according to claim 1 in which the hyper-acid sensitive linker connects a peptide to the resin.
8. The method according to claim 1 carried out within a total coupling time between 30 seconds and 10 minutes.
9. The method according to claim 1 carried out within a total coupling time between 30 seconds and 4 minutes.
10. The method according to claim 1 carried out within a total coupling time between 30 seconds and 2 minutes.
11. The method according to claim 1 wherein the base is selected from the group consisting of DIEA, NMM, TMP, TEA and combinations thereof.
12. The method according to claim 11 wherein the carbodiimide is selected from the group consisting of DCC, DIC, EDC, and mixtures thereof.
13. The method according to claim 12 wherein the activator additive is selected from the group consisting of HOBt, HOAt, 6-CI-HOBt, Oxyma, NHS and mixtures thereof.
14. The method according to claim 1 wherein the activation and coupling are carried out at temperature of between about 30° C. and 110° C.
15. A method according to claim 1 wherein the activation and coupling are carried out at temperature of at least about 60° C.
16. A method according to claim 1 wherein the activation and coupling are carried out at temperature of at least about 75° C.
17. A method according to claim 1 wherein the activation and coupling are carried out at temperature of at least about 90° C.
18. A mixture comprising:
a hyper-acid sensitive linker connecting an amine and a resin, a carboxylic acid to be activated, a carbodiimide, an activator additive, and a base wherein the base is in an amount of less than 1 equivalent compared to the carboxylic acid to be activated; and
maintained at a temperature greater than 30° C.