Functionalized elastomer
The present invention is directed to a copolymer of 1,3-butadiene or isoprene and a monomer of formula I or formula II where R 1 is a covalent bond or C1 to C8 linear or branched alkanediyl; R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are independently C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl or —OR 6 , where R 6 is C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl, with the proviso that at least one of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is —OR 6 , and where R 5 is hydrogen or C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl. The invention is further directed to a rubber composition including the copolymer, and a pneumatic tire containing the rubber composition. The invention is further directed to a method of making such a copolymer.
1. A copolymer of a monomer selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene, and a monomer selected from the group consisting of monomers of formula I and formula II
where R 1 is a covalent bond or C1 to C8 linear or branched alkanediyl; R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are independently C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl or OR 6 , where R 6 is C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl, with the proviso that at least one of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is —OR 6 , and where R 5 is hydrogen or C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl; wherein the copolymer comprises at least 80 percent by weight of cis 1,4 microstructure content based on the polyisoprene or polybutadiene content of the polymer, and the weight ratio of cis 1,4-units derived from the monomer of formula I or formula II amounts to the same value as for the 1,3-butadiene or the isoprene units.
2. The copolymer of claim 1 , comprising from 0.1 to 40 percent by weight of units derived from the monomer of formula I or formula II.
3. The copolymer of claim 1 , comprising from 0.5 to 20 percent by weight of units derived from the monomer of formula I or formula II.
4. The copolymer of claim 1 , comprising from 1 to 5 percent by weight of units derived from the monomer of formula I or formula II.
5. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the monomer of formula I is selected from the group consisting of 2-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)-1,3-butadiene, 2-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)-3-methyl-1,3-butadiene, and 2-(triethoxysilyl)-3-methyl-1,3-butadiene, and the monomer of formula II is selected from the group consisting of 1-(E)-(triethoxysilyl)-3-methyl-1,3-butadiene and 1-(Z)-(triethoxysilyl)-3-methyl-1,3-butadiene.
6. A rubber composition comprising the copolymer of claim 1 .
7. A pneumatic tire comprising the rubber composition of claim 6 .
8. A method of making a copolymer, comprising the step of polymerizing a monomer selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene and a monomer of formula I or formula II in the presence of an (allyl)(arene)Ni(II) polymerization catalyst
where R 1 is a covalent bond or C1 to C8 linear or branched alkanediyl; R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are independently C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl or —OR 6 , where R 6 is C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl, with the proviso that at least one of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is —OR 6 , and where R 5 is hydrogen or C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the monomer of formula I is selected from the group consisting of 2-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)-1,3-butadiene, 2-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)-3-methyl-1,3-butadiene, and 2-(triethoxysilyl)3-methyl-1,3-butadiene, the monomer of formula II is selected from the group consisting of 1-(E)-(triethoxysilyl)-3-methyl-1,3-butadiene and 1-(Z)-(triethoxysilyl)-3-methyl-1,3-butadiene.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein the polymerization catalyst is of formula III
where BAr F 4 − is tetrakis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) borate.