Composition and method of making NIR-to-visible upconversion inkjet inks
An upconverting pigment dispersion includes an upconverting pigment, such as a β-NaYF 4 crystal doped with at least one of Erbium, Ytterbium or Thulium. The upconverting pigment dispersion is aqueous and, thus, includes water. A dispersant is added to increase the stability of the upconverting pigment of the dispersion.
1. An aqueous upconverting inkjet ink comprising:
a milled upconverting pigment dispersion containing pigment particles of β-NaYF 4 crystals doped with at least one of Erbium, Ytterbium or Thulium 5% to 50% by weight of the dispersion attached to the pigment particles, the dispersant including at least one of a polyacrylate, a polymethacrylate, a styrene-acrylate copolymer, or a styrene-methacrylate copolymer at 2% to 25% by weight of the dispersion, the pigment dispersion being at 3% to 10% by weight of the aqueous upconverting inkjet ink;
a humectant at 1% to 20% by weight of the aqueous upconverting inkjet ink; and
deionized water at 70% to 96% by weight of the aqueous upconverting inkjet ink.
2. The aqueous upconverting inkjet ink of claim 1 wherein the humectant includes at least one of triethylene glycol, glycerol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 2-pyrrolidone, or a low molecular weight polypropylene glycol.
3. The aqueous upconverting inkjet ink of claim 1 wherein the humectant includes at least one of an alcohol, a glycol, a pyrrolidone or a diol.
4. The aqueous upconverting inkjet ink of claim 1 further comprising a surfactant at 0.01% to 2% by weight of the inkjet ink.
5. The aqueous upconverting inkjet ink of claim 1 wherein the pigment dispersion is at 6% to 8% of the inkjet ink.
6. The aqueous upconverting inkjet ink of claim 1 wherein the ratio of the crystals to the dispersant is between 1:1 and 10:1.
7. The aqueous upconverting inkjet ink of claim 1 wherein the crystals have an average particle size between 50 to 200 nanometers.
8. The aqueous upconverting inkjet ink of claim 1 wherein the pigment dispersion further comprises a deformer at less than 1% by weight of the pigment dispersion.
9. The aqueous upconverting inkjet ink of claim 1 further comprising a colorant at 0.5% to 10% by weight of the ink.
10. The aqueous upconverting inkjet ink of claim 9 wherein the colorant includes at least one of azo compounds, phthalocynine, quinacridone, anthraquinone, dioxazine, indigo, thioindigo, perynone, perylene, isoindolene, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, or a metal complex.