Battery charging method and battery pack using the same
A battery pack is disclosed. In one aspect, the battery pack includes a chargeable battery and a battery management system (BMS) configured to charge the battery in a plurality of charging periods each including a constant current supply period and a constant voltage supply period. The battery pack also includes a resistance estimator configured to estimate the resistance of the battery. The BMS is further configured to change a charging period of the battery from a constant voltage supply period of an ith charging period to a constant current supply period of an (i+1)th charging period based on the resistance of the battery, and wherein i is a natural number.
1. A battery pack comprising:
a chargeable battery;
a battery management system (BMS) configured to charge the battery in a plurality of charging periods of one charge cycle, each charging period including a constant current supply period and a constant voltage supply period, wherein the constant current supply periods and the constant voltage supply periods are alternately provided throughout the plurality of charging periods; and
a resistance estimator configured to estimate the resistance of the battery a plurality of times in each of the constant voltage supply periods,
wherein the BMS is further configured to change a charging period of the battery from a constant voltage supply period of an ith charging period to a constant current supply period of an (i+1)th charging period based on a first factor and change the constant current supply period of the (i+1)th charging period to a constant voltage supply period of an (i+2)th charging period based on a second factor different from the first factor, wherein i is a natural number, and wherein the first factor comprises the resistance of the battery, and wherein the second factor comprises the state of charge (SOC) of the battery.
2. The battery pack of claim 1 , wherein the BMS is configured to compare a current resistance value with an immediate previous resistance value in each of the charging periods and change the charging period when a resistance change ratio is set in a predetermined range, and wherein the resistance change ratio is defined as a ratio of the current resistant value and the immediate previous resistance value in each of the charging periods.
3. The battery pack of claim 2 , wherein the predetermined range is set to be no more than about 10%.
4. The battery pack of claim 1 , further comprising a current measuring circuit configured to measure a charging current of the battery and a voltage measuring circuit configured to measure a charging voltage of the battery.
5. The battery pack of claim 4 , wherein the resistance estimator is configured to calculate the resistance of the battery based on the charging current and the charging voltage.
6. The battery pack of claim 4 , wherein the current measuring circuit is connected between the BMS and a fuse.
7. The battery pack of claim 4 , wherein the voltage measuring circuit is connected between the battery and the BMS.
8. The battery pack of claim 1 , wherein the BMS is configured to apply a first constant current during the ith charging period and apply a second constant current during the (i+1)th charging period, and wherein the first constant current is greater than the second constant current.
9. The battery pack of claim 1 , wherein the BMS is configured to apply a first constant voltage during the ith charging period and apply a second constant voltage during the (i+1)th charging period, and wherein the first constant voltage is greater than the second constant voltage.
10. A method of charging a battery in a plurality of charging periods of one charge cycle each charging period including a constant current supply period and a constant voltage supply period, the method comprising:
estimating the resistance of the battery a plurality of times in each of the constant voltage supply period;
changing a charging period of the battery from a constant voltage supply period of an ith charging period to a constant current supply period of an (i+1)th charging period based on a first factor and changing the constant current supply period of the (i+1)th charging period to a constant voltage supply period of an (+2)th charging period based on a second factor different from the first factor, wherein i is a natural number, wherein the constant current supply periods and the constant voltage supply periods are alternately provided throughout the plurality of charging periods, and wherein the first factor comprises the resistance of the battery, and wherein the second factor comprises the state of charge (SOC) of the battery.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the charging period changes when a resistance change ratio of a current resistance value and an immediate previous resistance value in each of the charging periods is set in a predetermined range.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the predetermined range is set to be no more than about 10%.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the resistance of the battery is estimated based on a charging current supplied to the battery and a charging voltage of the battery.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein different currents are supplied in the respective constant current supply periods of the charging periods, and wherein different voltages are supplied in the respective constant voltage supply periods of the charging periods.