Methods for controlling polymer properties
Disclosed herein are methods of controlling polymer properties in polymerization processes that use a chromium-based catalyst. An embodiment discloses a method of producing a polyolefin comprising: contacting a reaction mixture and a reduced chromium oxide catalyst in a gas-phase reactor to produce the polyolefin, wherein the reaction mixture comprises a monomer and a co-monomer; and changing a reaction temperature in the gas-phase reactor by about 1° C. or more whereby a gas molar ratio of the co-monomer to the monomer is changed by about 2% or more and a co-monomer content of the polyolefin at substantially constant density is changed by about 2% or more. Additional methods and compositions are also provided.
1. A method of producing a polyolefin comprising:
contacting a reaction mixture and a reduced chromium oxide catalyst in a gas-phase reactor to produce the polyolefin, wherein the reaction mixture comprises a monomer and a co-monomer; and
decreasing a reaction temperature in the gas-phase reactor by about 2° C. or more whereby a gas molar ratio of the co-monomer to the monomer is increased by about 2% or more and a co-monomer content of the polyolefin at substantially constant density from 0.950 g/cm 3 to about 0.958 g/cm 3 is increased by about 2% or more.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the reduced chromium oxide catalyst has been reduced with an alkyl aluminum alkoxide.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the alkyl aluminum alkoxide comprises diethyl aluminum ethoxide.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the monomer comprises ethylene.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the co-monomer comprises an alpha olefin comprising from 3 carbons to 20 carbons.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the reaction temperature in the gas-phase reactor is decreased by about 5° C. or more.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the comonomer content of the polyolefin at substantially constant density is changed by about 5% or more.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the comonomer content of the polyolefin at substantially constant density is changed by about 25% or more.
9. The method according to claim 1 wherein the polyolefin is characterized by (i) a modified-Charpy impact strength of about 20 kJ/m 2 or more and (ii) an equivalent stress cracking resistance of about 50 hours or more determined by notched constant ligament stress.
10. The method according to claim 1 wherein the polyolefin is characterized by (i) a modified-Charpy impact strength of about 22 kJ/m 2 or more and (ii) an equivalent stress cracking resistance of about 30 hours or more determined by notched constant ligament stress.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the polyolefin is characterized by a melt flow index ranging from about 0.1 g/10 min to about 1000 g/10 min.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the notched constant ligament stress at 900 psi of the polyolefin is represented by the following formula:
nCLS@900 psi actual, hr=24503.5−21.05×(flow index of the polyolefin)−25415×(density of the polyolefin)−6.539×(modified-Charpy impact strength of the polyolefin@−20° C.,kJ/m 2 ).