Methods of detecting plasmodium infection
The present invention relates to a method of identifying a subject with a Plasmodium infection. The present invention also relates to a method for monitoring a subject with a Plasmodium infection, for example, following treatment with an anti-malaria compound. Also provided are methods of identifying a compound to treat a Plasmodium infection.
1. A method for identifying a human subject with a Plasmodium falciparum infection, the method comprising detecting one or more volatile organic compounds selected from the group consisting of allyl methyl sulphide, 1-methylthiopropane, (E)-1-methylthio-1-propene, and (Z)-1-methylthio-1-propene, in the subject or a sample obtained therefrom, wherein the levels of the one or more volatile organic compounds indicates a Plasmodium falciparum infection.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the levels of the one or more volatile organic compounds also indicate the status of the Plasmodium falciparum infection.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the sample is selected from the group consisting of exhaled breath, condensate breath, saliva, blood, sweat, skin microbiota, skin volatile sample and urine.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sample is exhaled breath.
5. The method of claim 1 which further comprises comparing the level of the one or more volatile organic compounds to a suitable control.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the detection or monitoring of the one or more volatile organic compound comprises the use of at least one technique selected from the group consisting of mass spectrometry (MS) (such as gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS), liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS)); ion mobility spectrometry; field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry; differential mobility spectrometry (DMS); electronic nose device; biosensor; an antibody-based detection system; colorimetric assays; infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy) (such as near-infrared (NIR), Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ring-down cavity spectroscopy); selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT), fuel cell electrodes; light absorption spectroscopy; nanoparticle technology; flexural plate wave (FPW) sensors; electrochemical sensors; photoacoustic equipment; laser-based equipment; various ionization techniques and trained animal detection or combinations thereof.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the detection or monitoring of the one or more volatile organic compound comprises the use of at least one technique selected from the group consisting of gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS), liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS), electronic nose device, biosensor, an antibody-based detection system, colorimetric assays, near-infrared (NIR), selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT) and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS).
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the detection of the one or more volatile organic compound comprises the use of gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) or an electronic nose device.