Method for increasing coercive force of magnets
The present invention provides a method for improving coercive force of magnets, this method comprises steps as follows: S2) coating step: coating a coating material on the surface of a magnet and drying it; and S3) infiltrating step: heat treating the magnet obtained from the coating step S2). The coating material comprises (1) metal calcium particles and (2) particles of a material containing a rare earth element; the rare earth element is at least one selected from Praseodymium, Neodymium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium and Lutetium. The method of the present invention can significantly increase coercive force of a permanent magnet material, while remanence and magnetic energy product hardly decrease. In addition, the method of the present invention can significantly decrease the amount of a rare earth element, and accordingly, decrease the production cost.
1. A method for improving coercive force of magnets, comprising steps as follows:
S1) magnet manufacturing step: sintering to manufacture a magnet;
S2) coating step: coating a coating material on a surface of the magnet obtained from the magnet manufacturing step S1), and drying it;
S3) infiltrating step: heat treating the magnet obtained from the coating step S2); and
S4) aging treatment step: aging treating the magnet obtained from the infiltrating step S3);
wherein the coating material is a colloidal solution which comprises metal calcium particles, particles of a material containing a rare earth element, an organic solvent and an organic binder, the material containing a rare earth element is terbium fluoride, the organic solvent is ethanol, the organic binder is epoxy resin, an average particle size of the metal calcium particles is 1.5 μm, an average particle size of the particles of terbium fluoride is 1.5 μm, a weight ratio of the metal calcium particles and the particles of terbium fluoride is 1:3.5, and an amount ratio of particles consisting of the metal calcium particles and the particles of terbium fluoride, ethanol and epoxy resin is 200 g:500 ml:0.5 g; and
wherein the infiltrating step S3) is as follows: placing the magnet obtained from the coating step S2) in a vacuum sintering furnace; vacuum pumping the furnace to 0.005 Pa or less and starting to heat; increasing a temperature to 720° C. at a speed of 10° C./min, and increasing a temperature to 780° C. at a speed of 2° C./min, and keeping for 2 h to make a displacement reduction reaction occur between the metal calcium and terbium fluoride, and to diffuse a part of displaced terbium element to a grain boundary inside the magnet; and then increasing a temperature to 950° C. at a speed of 5° C./min, and keeping for 5 h to further sufficiently diffuse the rare earth element to the grain boundary inside the magnet, and
wherein the aging treatment step S4) is as follow: charging helium to cool the magnet down to 60° C. or less, and then keeping the magnet at 490° C. under 1 Pa or less for 4 h, and charging helium again to cool the magnet down to 60° C. or less to discharge.