Cooling of turbine engine by evaporation
An axial turbine engine for an aircraft, in particular a ducted fan turbine engine. The engine comprises an oil circuit with a cooler fitted with a first heat exchange surface in contact with oil of the oil circuit, and a second heat exchange surface in contact with a secondary air flow entering the turbine engine. The cooler is of the air/oil type (ACOC) and comprises fins. To increase the capacity of the cooler, the cooler is fitted with a device for injecting a cooling liquid, e.g., water with additives. The thermal capacity of the water amplifies the cooling. Evacuation of the water increases the thrust of the turbine engine. A method is also provided for cooling the turbine engine of an aircraft by injection of a cooling liquid at the time of take-off.
1. An axial turbine engine for an aircraft, intended to be in contact with an air flow, the turbine engine comprising:
an axis;
an annular primary flow;
an annular secondary flow;
a circular separation tip separating an air flow into the annular primary flow and the annular secondary flow;
an oil circuit with at least one cooler, the cooler comprising:
a first heat exchange surface in contact with oil of the oil circuit;
a second heat exchange surface in contact with the annular secondary flow in order to cool the oil by the annular secondary flow, the second heat exchange surface being annular around said axis; and
an injection device structured and operable to inject a cooling liquid onto the second heat exchange surface in order to cool it, wherein the device comprises a plurality of nozzles arranged at the circular separation tip upstream of the second heat exchange surface, the nozzles being arranged circularly and distributed around the axis, each nozzle comprising an opening aligned with the second heat exchange surface along the axis,
wherein the cooler comprises cooling fins extending radially from the second heat exchange surface, the nozzles being further configured to inject the cooling liquid onto the cooling fins,
the turbine engine further comprising a plurality of pipes for respectively supplying the cooling liquid to the nozzles, the pipes extending substantially parallel to the axis and arranged between the annular primary flow and the annular secondary flow.
2. The turbine engine of claim 1 further comprising an external annular casing radially delimiting the airflow, wherein the injection device is arranged axially at the level of the external casing.
3. The turbine engine of claim 1 further comprising an exhaust, the turbine engine being structured and operable to evacuate the cooling liquid from the turbine engine via the exhaust.
4. The turbine engine of claim 1 further comprising a body with a cooling coil in communication with the oil circuit, wherein the body can be at least one of a vane and a defrosting tip of the turbine engine.
5. The turbine engine of claim 1 further comprising at least one actuator controlled by oil pressure of the oil circuit, and a pump pressurizing the oil towards the actuator.
6. The turbine engine of claim 1 further comprising an oil temperature sensor structured and operable to measure a temperature of the oil in the oil circuit, wherein the injection device can be structured and operable to inject the cooling liquid onto the second heat exchange surface when the sensor detects that the oil temperature exceeds a temperature threshold TS.
7. The turbine engine of claim 1 further comprising a fan, and a reducing gear that is lubricated by the oil of the oil circuit, the reducing gear connecting the fan and the compressor.