Optimal dosages for low energy shock wave treatment of vital organs
The treatment of various sensitive organs with low energy acoustic shockwaves has been proposed. However, the prior art is lacking in guidance as to what constitutes an efficacious minimum dosage or a safe maximum dosage for various target organs and tissues. Through extensive experimentation with cultured cells, live animals, and animal disease models, the inventors of the present disclosure have determined safe and efficacious shockwave energetic dosage ranges for vital and sensitive organs, including the brain, pancreas, kidneys, liver, and spleen, as well as for skin and subcutaneous tissues, peripheral nerves, and skeletal muscles.
1. A method of treating or preventing a disease condition in a region of the brain of an animal by administering a dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves, wherein
the dosage comprises a number of shockwaves delivered; an energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the treated region of the brain; and a frequency of shockwave delivery;
energy received by the treated region of the brain from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently high to induce the proliferation rate of cells within the treated tissue;
energy received by the treated region of the brain from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently low that it does not induce an observed apoptotic frequency in the treated tissue of greater than 0.26% and/or an observed frequency of hemorrhage greater than 0.035 hemorrhage spots per mm 2 tissue section;
the dosage is a biologically effective dosage calculated as a product of: the number of shockwaves delivered; the energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the organ; and Hz k , wherein Hz is the frequency of shockwave delivery in Hertz and k is approximately 0.373; and
the biologically effective dosage is between 0.2 and 11.0 mJ/mm 2 .
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the disease condition is selected from a group consisting of a degenerative condition of the brain, brain trauma, ischemic damage, cerebral vascular accident, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and dementia.
3. A method of treating or preventing a disease condition in a region of a kidney of an animal by administering a dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves, wherein
the dosage comprises a number of shockwaves delivered; an energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the treated region of the kidney; and a frequency of shockwave delivery;
energy received by the treated region of the kidney from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently high to induce an increase in the proliferation rate of cells within the treated region of the kidney;
energy received by the treated region of the kidney from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently low that it does not induce an observed apoptotic frequency in the treated region of the kidney of greater than 1.0% and/or an observed frequency of hemorrhage greater than 0.06 hemorrhage spots per mm 2 tissue section;
the dosage is a biologically effective dosage calculated as the product of: the number of shockwaves delivered; the energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the treated region of the kidney; and Hz k , wherein Hz is the frequency of shockwave delivery in Hertz and k is approximately 0.373; and
the biologically effective dosage is between 0.2 and 48.0 mJ/mm 2 .
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein
the disease condition is selected from a group consisting of: acute renal failure; chronic kidney diseases; renal insufficiency; proteinuria; diabetic and lupus nephropathy; glomerulus calcification; tubulo-interstitial lesions; and renal artery stenosis/ischemia.
5. A method of treating or preventing a disease condition in the pancreas of an animal by administering a dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves, wherein
the dosage comprises a number of shockwaves delivered; an energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the pancreas; and a frequency of shockwave delivery;
energy received by the pancreas from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently high to induce an increase in the proliferation rate of cells within the pancreas;
energy received by the pancreas from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently low that it does not induce an observed apoptotic frequency in the pancreas of greater than 1.0% and/or an observed frequency of hemorrhage greater than 0.06 hemorrhage spots per mm 2 tissue section;
the dosage is a biologically effective dosage calculated as the product of: the number of shockwaves delivered; the energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the pancreas; and Hz k , wherein Hz is the frequency of shockwave delivery in Hertz and k is approximately 0.373; and
the biologically effective dosage is between 0.2 and 24.0 mJ/mm 2 .
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the disease condition is prediabetes, Type I or Type II diabetes.
7. A method of treating or preventing a disease condition in a region of the liver of an animal by administering a dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves, wherein
the dosage comprises a number of shockwaves delivered; an energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the treated region of the liver; and a frequency of shockwave delivery;
energy received by the treated region of the liver from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently high to induce an increase in the proliferation rate of cells within the treated region of the liver;
the clinically significant harm is an observed apoptotic frequency in the treated region of the liver of greater than 1.0% and/or an observed frequency of hemorrhage greater than 0.06 hemorrhage spots per mm 2 tissue section;
the dosage is a biologically effective dosage calculated as the product of: the number of shockwaves delivered; the energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the treated region of the liver; and Hz k , wherein Hz is the frequency of shockwave delivery in Hertz and k is approximately 0.373; and
the biologically effective dosage is between 0.2 and 71.0 mJ/mm 2 .
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein
the disease condition of the liver is selected from a group consisting of a degenerative disease of the liver; liver failure; fatty liver; cirrhosis; fibrosis; and hepatitis.
9. A method of treating or preventing a disease condition in the spleen of an animal by administering a dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves, wherein
the dosage comprises a number of shockwaves delivered; an energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the spleen; and a frequency of shockwave delivery;
energy received by the spleen from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently high to induce an increase in the proliferation rate of cells within the spleen;
energy received by the spleen from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently low that it does not induce an observed apoptotic frequency in the spleen of greater than 1.0% and/or an observed frequency of hemorrhage greater than 0.12 hemorrhage spots per mm 2 tissue section;
the dosage is a biologically effective dosage calculated as the product of: the number of shockwaves delivered; the energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the spleen; and Hz k , wherein Hz is the frequency of shockwave delivery in Hertz and k is approximately 0.373; and
the biologically effective dosage is between 0.2 and 71.0 mJ/mm 2 .
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein
the disease condition is selected from a group consisting of a degenerative disease of the spleen; enlarged spleen; autoimmune diseases; and functional asplenia.
11. A method of treating or preventing a disease condition in a peripheral nerve of an animal by administering a dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves, wherein
the dosage comprises a number of shockwaves delivered; an energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the treated peripheral nerve; and a frequency of shockwave delivery;
energy received by the treated peripheral nerve from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently high to induce an increase in the proliferation rate of cells within the treated peripheral nerve;
the clinically significant harm is an observed neurofilament damage index in the treated peripheral nerve of greater than 1.0%;
the dosage is a biologically effective dosage calculated as the product of: the number of shockwaves delivered; the energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the treated peripheral nerve; and Hz k , wherein Hz is the frequency of shockwave delivery in Hertz and k is approximately 0.373; and
the biologically effective dosage is between 0.2 and 429.0 mJ/mm 2 .
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein
the disease condition of the nerve is selected from a group consisting of: peripheral neuropathy; neuritis; ALS; nerve injury/damage; diabetic neuropathy; nerve degeneration; demyelinating diseases; and multiple sclerosis.
13. A method of treating or preventing a disease condition in a skeletal muscle or for strengthening a skeletal muscle of an animal by administering a dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves, wherein
the dosage comprises a number of shockwaves delivered; an energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the treated skeletal muscle; and a frequency of shockwave delivery;
energy received by the treated skeletal muscle from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently high to induce an increase in the proliferation rate of cells within the treated skeletal muscle;
energy received by the treated skeletal muscle from the dosage of low energy acoustic shock waves is sufficiently low that it does not induce an observed apoptotic frequency in the treated skeletal muscle of greater than 1.0% and/or an observed frequency of hemorrhage greater than 0.12 hemorrhage spots per mm 2 tissue section;
the dosage is a biologically effective dosage calculated as the product of: the number of shockwaves delivered; the energy flux density of the shockwaves received by the treated skeletal muscle; and Hz k , wherein Hz is the frequency of shockwave delivery in Hertz and k is approximately 0.373; and
the biologically effective dosage is between 0.2 and 886.0 mJ/mm 2 .
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein
the disease condition of the skeletal muscle is muscle atrophy, muscle injury, muscle weakness, sarcopenia, urinary incontinence or stool incontinence.