Heater for an automotive vehicle and method of forming same
There is disclosed a heater for an automotive vehicle or other article of manufacture. The heater typically includes a first conductive medium and a second conductive medium disposed upon a carrier. In a preferred embodiment, the first conductive medium includes a first section and a second section that are electrically connected by a second conductive medium. The second conductive medium preferably exhibits a positive thermal coefficient.
1. An article of manufacture, comprising:
a carrier of the article of manufacture, the carrier having a surface;
a heater overlaying the surface, the heater including: a first heater portion and a second heater portion, each having:
i) a polymeric flexible film;
ii) a first conductive medium disposed upon the carrier wherein the first conductive medium includes:
1) a negative section having:
a. a first base portion and
b. a plurality of first extensions extending from the first base portion; and
2) a positive section having:
a. a second base portion and
b. a plurality of second extensions extending from the second base portion; and
iii) a second conductive medium that includes a plurality of strips, each of the strips in overlapping relation with at least one of the plurality of first extensions and at least one of the plurality of second extensions,
iv) a first electrical connection in communication with the first base portion and a second electrical connection in communication with the second base portion, the first electrical connection and the second electrical connection electrically connecting the heater to a power or energy source; and
v) a protective dielectric coating disposed over the first conductive medium and the second conductive medium; and
wherein the heater includes one or more openings that aid in bending of the heater so that the heater conforms to a shape of the carrier of the article of manufacture; and
wherein the second heater portion is spaced apart and separated from the first heater portion.
2. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the heater is integrated into or attached to the carrier, and the carrier is part of a panel, floor, wall, or a combination thereof.
3. The article of manufacture of claim 2 , wherein a first longitudinal edge includes a first indentation and a second longitudinal edge includes a second indentation and each of the first indentation and the second indentation include a concave contour.
4. The article of manufacture of claim 3 , wherein the first electrical connection is connected to the first base portion by a member with a rivet and eyelet that receive a wire of the first electrical connection, and the second electrical connection is connected to the second base portion by a member with a rivet and an eyelet that receives a wire of the second electrical connection.
5. The article of manufacture of claim 3 , wherein a foil patch connects the first electrical connection to the first base portion and the second electrical connection to the second base portion.
6. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the heater is integrated into the carrier that is a mirror assembly, gear shifter, panel, footwell floor mate, cargo, bed liner, occupant contact areas, arm rest, bed mattresses, or wheel chairs.
7. The article of manufacture of claim 6 , wherein the polymeric flexible film carrier is made of polyester.
8. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the second conductive medium is square shaped.
9. The article of manufacture of claim 8 , wherein the second conductive medium is a film.
10. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the article of manufacture includes a sensor.
11. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the heater includes one or more contours or cavities that aid in bending of the heater so that the heater conforms to the article of manufacture.
12. The article of manufacture of claim 11 , wherein the heater includes an indentation on each edge of the carrier and the one or more openings are located between the indentations on each edge of the carrier.
13. The article of manufacture of claim 12 , wherein the first conductive medium extends between the indentation on each edge of the carrier.
14. The article of manufacture 12 , wherein the negative section of the first conductive medium includes a negative connecting base portion that extends between the first portion and the second portion and the positive section of the first conductive medium includes a positive connecting base portion that extends between the first portion and the second portion and the one or more openings are located between the negative connecting base portion and the positive connecting base portion.
15. The article of manufacture of claim 14 , wherein the negative connecting base portion is located between the one or more openings and the indentation on a first edge and the positive connecting base portion is located between the one or more openings and the indentation on a second edge.
16. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the heater has a generally hourglass shape.
17. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the heater includes an insulating layer.
18. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric coating is between about 10 microns thick and about 4 mm thick.
19. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the first base portion extends along a longitudinal edge of the heater.
20. The article of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are straight and the plurality of first extensions and the plurality of second extensions are interdigitated.