Multi-metal oxide ceramic nanomaterial
A convenient and versatile method for preparing complex metal oxides is disclosed. The method uses a low temperature, environmentally friendly gel-collection method to form a single phase nanomaterial. In one embodiment, the nanomaterial consists of Ba A Mn B Ti C O D in a controlled stoichiometry.
1. A method for producing a metal oxide ceramic nanomaterial, the method comprising steps of:
mixing a first metal-organic salt comprising a first metal (M 1 ) and a second metal-organic salt comprising a second metal (M 2 ) in an anhydrous solvent to form a first intermediate, wherein M 1 is selected from the group consisting of barium, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, bismuth, cobalt, samarium, and praseodymium, and M 2 is titanium;
adding deionized water to the anhydrous solvent to hydrolyze the first intermediate to produce a precursor solution;
permitting the precursor solution to form a gel wherein, after gel formation, at least 90% of M 1 and M 2 is integrated into the gel; and
forming a hollandiate nanomaterial from the gel.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the anhydrous solvent is selected from the group consisting of anhydrous methanol, anhydrous ethanol and anhydrous isopropanol.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first metal-organic salt is a acetylacetonate salt.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the second metal-organic salt is a isopropoxide salt.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the nanomaterial is a mixed metal oxide of the perovskite structure type of formula M 1 M 2 O 3 , where M 1 and M 2 are different metals.
6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the nanomaterial is a mixed metal oxide of the ferrite structure type of the formula M 1 M 2 2 O 4 where M 1 and M 2 are different metals.
7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the nanomaterial is a mixed metal oxide of the formula M x 1 M y 2 O z wherein x is about 1 to about 3, y is about 1 to about 5, and z is about 3 to about 16.
8. A method for producing a metal oxide ceramic nanomaterial, the method comprising steps of:
mixing a first metal-organic salt comprising a first metal (M 1 ) and a second metal-organic salt comprising a second metal (M 2 ) in an anhydrous solvent to form a first intermediate, wherein M 1 and M 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of barium, manganese, titanium, iron, nickel, copper, bismuth, cobalt, samarium, and praseodymium, wherein M 1 and M 2 are different;
adding deionized water to the anhydrous solvent to hydrolyze the first intermediate to produce a precursor solution;
permitting the precursor solution to form a gel wherein, after gel formation, at least 90% of M 1 and M 2 is integrated into the gel; and
forming a nanomaterial from the gel; wherein the first metal-organic salt is a 1,3 dicarbonyl salt.
9. A method for producing a metal oxide ceramic nanomaterial, the method comprising steps of:
mixing a first metal-organic salt comprising a first metal (M 1 ) and a second metal-organic salt comprising a second metal (M 2 ) in an anhydrous solvent to form a first intermediate, wherein M 1 and M 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of barium, manganese, titanium, iron, nickel, copper, bismuth, cobalt, samarium, and praseodymium, wherein M 1 and M 2 are different;
adding deionized water to the anhydrous solvent to hydrolyze the first intermediate to produce a precursor solution;
permitting the precursor solution to form a gel wherein, after gel formation, at least 90% of M 1 and M 2 is integrated into the gel; and
forming a nanomaterial from the gel; wherein the first metal-organic salt is a 1,3 dicarbonyl salt and the second metal-organic salt is an alkoxide salt.