GRAPHENE PLATELET-BASED POLYMERS AND USES THEREOF
Provided herein are cross-linked graphene platelet polymers, compositions thereof, filtration devices comprising the cross-linked graphene platelet polymers and/or compositions thereof and method is using and making the same.
1 . A membrane comprising a cross-linked graphene platelet polymer comprising a plurality of cross-linked graphene platelets comprising a graphene portion and a cross-linking portion, the cross-linking portion contains a 4 to 10 atom link, and the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer being produced by reaction of an epoxide functionalized graphene platelet and a (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide functionalized cross-linker.
2 . The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer comprises cross-linked graphene platelets comprising a thiol moiety.
3 . The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer further comprises a metal nanocluster.
4 . The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer further comprises a quaternary alkyl-ammonium bromide.
5 . The membrane of claim 1 , wherein the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer comprises cross-linked graphene platelets containing fluorocarbon functionalization.
6 . A filter module comprising at least two separate membranes of claim 1 , wherein each membrane is functionalized in a different manner.
7 . The filter module of claim 6 , wherein a first filter comprises cross-linked graphene platelets comprising a thiol moiety.
8 . The filter module of claim 6 , wherein a first filter comprises cross-linked graphene platelets comprising a quaternary alkyl-ammonium bromide.
9 . The filter module of claim 6 , wherein a first filter comprises cross-linked graphene platelets comprising fluorocarbon.
10 . A membrane comprising a cross-linked graphene platelet polymer comprising a plurality of cross-linked graphene platelets,
(a) comprising a graphene portion and a cross-linking portion, and the cross-linking portion contains a 4 to 10 atom link; or
(b) comprising a plurality of graphene platelet portions and a plurality of cross-linking portions bound to the graphene platelet portions, wherein the cross-linking portions provide a spacing of about 1 nanometer between individual graphene platelet portions.
11 . The membrane of claim 10 , wherein the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer comprises cross-linked graphene platelets comprising a thiol moiety.
12 . The membrane of claim 10 , wherein the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer further comprises a metal nanocluster.
13 . The membrane of claim 10 , wherein the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer further comprises a quaternary alkyl-ammonium bromide.
14 . The membrane of claim 10 , wherein the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer comprises cross-linked graphene platelets containing fluorocarbon functionalization.
15 . A filter module comprising at least two separate membranes of claim 10 , wherein each membrane is functionalized in a different manner.
16 . The filter module of claim 15 , wherein a first filter comprises cross-linked graphene platelets comprising a thiol moiety.
17 . The filter module of claim 15 , wherein a first filter comprises cross-linked graphene platelets comprising a quaternary alkyl-ammonium bromide.
18 . The filter module of claim 15 , wherein a first filter comprises cross-linked graphene platelets comprising fluorocarbon.
19 . A method of producing a filter or membrane composition comprising
reacting one or more functionalized graphene platelets with one or more di-, tri- or tetra-functional crosslinking compounds.
20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the functionalized crosslinking compound is di-functionalized.
21 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the crosslinking compound comprises one or more (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylamide moieties.
22 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the reacting step comprises applying e-beam or UV light to the one or more functionalized graphene platelets with one or more functionalized crosslinking compounds.
23 . A method of increasing purity of a liquid, comprising
contacting a first portion of liquid having an impurity with a filter or membrane comprising a cross-linked graphene platelet polymer of claim 1 to form a second portion of liquid, wherein the second portion of water contains a lower concentration of the impurity.
24 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the liquid is an aqueous physiological liquid.
25 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the liquid is water.
26 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the impurity includes sodium and/or chloride ions.
27 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the impurity includes an antibody.
28 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the second portion of liquid is formed by passing the first portion of liquid through the filter comprising the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer.
29 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the second portion of liquid contains 100-fold or less of the impurity as is found in the first portion of liquid.
30 . A method of producing a membrane composition comprising
oxidizing a graphene platelet with an acid and an oxidizing agent at a temperature between 1 and 10 degrees Celsius to form a functionalized graphene platelet; and
reacting one or more functionalized graphene platelets with one or more di-, tri- or tetra-functional crosslinking compounds.
31 . A method of producing a membrane precursor comprising
oxidizing a graphene platelet with an acid and an oxidizing agent at a temperature between 1 and 10 degrees Celsius to form a functionalized graphene platelet; and
reacting one or more functionalized graphene platelets to form a capped moiety that is not reactive under ambient conditions, but capable of converting to a reactive moiety upon, e.g., chemical, heat or UV treatment.
32 . A method of concentrating a composition of interest from a liquid or gas, comprising contacting a first portion of a liquid or gas having a material of interest with a filter comprising a cross-linked graphene platelet polymer of claim 1 to form a second portion of liquid or gas, wherein the second portion of liquid or gas contains a lower concentration of the material of interest, and collecting the composition of interest that does not pass through the cross-linked graphene platelet polymer.
33 . The method of claim 32 , wherein the liquid or gas is water.
34 . The method of claim 33 , wherein the composition of interest is a rare-earth element.