Method of charge state selection

1. A method of mass spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry comprising:

separating analytes in a separator such that analytes having different electrophoretic mobilities elute from the separator at different times;

ionising the separated analytes as they elute from the separator so as to form analyte ions that are separated from each other;

transmitting the separated analyte ions to a mass filter;

obtaining a predetermined relationship between the elution times of the analytes from the separator, the mass to charge ratios of the analyte ions, and the charge states of the analyte ions;

selecting one or more charge states of the analyte ions desired to be transmitted by the mass filter; and

varying the mass to charge ratios of the ions transmitted by the mass filter as a function of the elution time of the analytes from the separator and according to said predetermined relationship such that substantially only ions having said one or more desired charge states are transmitted by the mass filter.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said predetermined relationship is known or determined in advance of said step of varying the mass to charge ratios of the ions transmitted by the mass filter.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein for analyte ions in each of said one or more desired charge states in said predetermined relationship, the mass to charge ratios progressively increase without decreasing, or progressively decrease without increasing, as a function of increasing electrophoretic mobility; and/or

wherein the mass to charge ratio or range of mass to charge ratios transmitted by the mass filter at any given time progressively increases without decreasing, or progressively decreases without increasing, as a function of increasing electrophoretic mobility such that said one or more desired charge states are transmitted by the mass filter.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the mass to charge ratio or range of mass to charge ratios transmitted by the mass filter continuously increases or continually decreases, or increases or decreases in a stepped manner.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyte ions in each of said one or more desired charge states in said predetermined relationship follow a trend of mass to charge ratio as a function of electrophoretic mobility, and wherein the filter is varied so as to transmit analyte ions that follow said trend.

6. The method of claim 1 , comprising separating the analytes so that they elute from the separator over a period of time and varying the mass to charge ratios of the ions transmitted by the filter in synchronism with said period of time.

7. The method of claim 1 , comprising transmitting the analyte ions of said one or more desired charge states from said filter to a fragmentation or reaction region; fragmenting the analyte ions to form fragment ions, or reacting the analyte ions with other ions or molecules to form product ions; and mass analysing or ion mobility analysing the fragment or product ions.

8. A method of mass spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry comprising:

separating analytes in an electrophoretic mobility separator or in a liquid chromatography separator such that different analytes elute from the separator at different times;

ionising the separated analytes after they elute from the separator so as to form analyte ions that are separated from each other;

transmitting the separated analyte ions to a filter for filtering ions according to a physicochemical property;

obtaining a predetermined relationship between the elution times of the analytes from the separator, the physicochemical property values of the analyte ions, and the charge states of the analyte ions;

selecting one or more charge states of the analyte ions desired to be transmitted by the filter; and

varying the physicochemical property values of the ions transmitted by the filter as a function of the elution time of the analytes from the separator and according to said predetermined relationship such that substantially only ions having said one or more desired charge states are transmitted by the mass filter.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said physicochemical property is ion mobility in a Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometer (FAIMS) device.

10. A mass spectrometer or ion mobility spectrometer arranged and configured to perform the method of claim 1 .