Composition that is suitable for producing polyurethane foams and that contains at least one nucleating agent
Disclosed herein is a method for producing polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams. The method involves reacting a composition (Z1) with at least one polyisocyanate, and occurs in the presence of at least one nucleating agent and a blowing agent, in which the nucleating agent and the blowing agent are mixed to obtain a composition (Z2) that is added to the composition (Z1) before it is reacted with the at least one polyisocyanate. The composition (Z1) contains (i) 100 parts by mass of a composition (ZP) including at least one polyol and at least one catalyst that catalyzes formation of a urethane, urea or isocyanuarate bond, and (ii) from 0.05 to 10 parts by mass of a surfactant TD having an HLB value below 6 and no silicon atom.
1. A method of producing polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams, the method comprising:
(a) forming a composition (Z1) by adding a surfactant TD, having an HLB value below 6 and no silicon atom, to a composition (ZP) comprising at least one polyol and at least one catalyst that catalyzes formation of a urethane, urea or isocyanurate bond; and
(b) reacting the composition (Z1) with at least one polyisocyanate, to obtain a polyurethane foam or a polyisocyanurate foam,
wherein:
from 0.05 to 10 parts by mass of the surfactant TD are added per 100 parts by mass of the composition (ZP);
the reacting occurs in the presence of at least one nucleating agent selected from the group consisting of a perfluorinated hydrocarbon, an ether having at least one perfluorinated hydrocarbyl moiety and a ketone having at least one perfluorinated hydrocarbyl moiety, and a blowing agent, wherein the nucleating agent differs from the blowing agent; and
the nucleating agent and the blowing agent are mixed to obtain a composition (Z2) that is added to the composition (Z1) to obtain a composition (ZS) before the reacting with the at least one polyisocyanate, wherein after composition (Z2) is added to composition (Z1) and prior to the reacting with the at least one polyisocyanate, the composition (ZS) is stabilized such that said composition (ZS) is clear and devoid of any droplet formation or clouding as perceivable by the naked eye, and
wherein the surfactant TD is isotridecanol or isononanol.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant TD is isotridecanol.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant TD is isononanol.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nucleating agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of a perfluorinated hydrocarbon and an ether having at least one perfluorinated hydrocarbyl moiety.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein from 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of the nucleating agent is added per the 100 parts by mass of composition (ZP).
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nucleating agent is selected from the group consisting of perfluoropentane C 5 F 12 , perfluorohexane C 6 F 14 , perfluorocyclohexane C 6 F 12 , perfluoroheptane C 7 F 16 , perfluorooctane C 8 F 18 , a perfluorinated olefin of the empirical formulae C 5 F 10 , C 6 F 12 , C 7 F 14 , C 8 F 16 , a dimer of 1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propene, methoxyheptafluoropropane, methoxynonafluorobutane and ethoxynonafluorobutane.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one polyol is selected from the group consisting of a polyether alcohol and a polyester alcohol.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one polyisocyanate comprises an aromatic polyfunctional isocyanate.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, tetramethylethylene diamine, tetramethylhexanediamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, pentamethyldipropylenetriamine, triethylenediamine, dimethylpiperazine, 1,2-dimethyl imidazole, N-ethylmorpholine, tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, dimethylaminoethanol, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol and bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises at least two selected from the group consisting of triethylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, tetramethylethylene diamine, tetramethylhexanediamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, pentamethyldipropylenetriamine, triethylenediamine, dimethylpiperazine, 1,2-dimethyl imidazole, N-ethylmorpholine, tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, dimethylaminoethanol, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol and bis(dimethylaminoethyl) ether.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyol comprises at least one polyetherol containing:
a structural unit based on propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, or both; and
a structural unit based on trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, castor oil, glucose, sorbitol, mannitol, sucrose, a polyhydric phenol, a resol, melamine, an aniline, a toluendiamine, a methylenedianiline, or mixtures thereof.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyol comprises at least two polyethers, said polyetherols each containing:
a structural unit based on propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, or both; and
a structural unit based on trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, castor oil, glucose, sorbitol, mannitol, sucrose, a polyhydric phenol, a resol, melamine, an aniline, a toluendiamine, a methylenedianiline, or mixtures thereof.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the blowing agent does not include a hydrofluorocarbon.