Electrostatic transducer
An electrostatic transducer ( 100 ) comprises an electrically conductive first member ( 102 ) having an array of through apertures ( 112 ) and one or more further members ( 104, 106 ). The one or more further members ( 104, 106 ) include a flexible electrically conductive second member ( 106 ) arranged in use to be displaced from an equilibrium position towards the first member ( 102 ) by an electrostatic force in response to an electrical potential applied to one or both of the first member ( 102 ) and the second member ( 106 ). At least one ( 104 ) of the one or more further members is resiliently deformable and is arranged in use to exert a resilient biasing force biasing said second member ( 106 ) back towards said equilibrium position when displaced therefrom by said electrical potential.
1. An electrostatic transducer comprising:
an electrically conductive first member having an array of through apertures;
a flexible electrically conductive second member arranged in use to be displaced from an equilibrium position towards the first member by an electrostatic force in response to an electrical potential applied to one or both of the first member and the second member; and
a flexible electrically insulating third member between the electrically conductive first member and the flexible electrically conductive second member;
wherein the flexible electrically conductive second member comprises a substantially planar sheet;
wherein the flexible electrically insulating third member is resiliently compressible by virtue of being embossed so that it has a non-planar profile; and
wherein the flexible electrically insulating third member is arranged in use to exert a resilient biasing force biasing said second member back towards said equilibrium position when displaced therefrom by said electrical potential.
2. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein the transducer is arranged in use to apply an electrical potential which gives rise only to an attractive electrostatic force between the electrically conductive first member and the flexible electrically conductive second member.
3. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein the non-planar profile comprises a plurality of locally protruding portions.
4. The electrostatic transducer of claim 3 , wherein the protruding portions have a maximum dimension parallel to the median plane of the flexible electrically insulating third member of between 1 mm and 20 mm.
5. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein the effective thickness of the flexible electrically insulating third member is between 0.25 mm and 10 mm.
6. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein the first, second and third members are joined only at the edges of the transducer.
7. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , further comprising bonding between the first and second members; between the first member and/or the third member; and/or between the second member and/or the third member.
8. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein the apertures in the first member have a maximum dimension parallel to the median plane of the first member of between 0.5 mm and 10 mm.
9. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein the spacing between the apertures in the first member is between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.
10. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive first member is a composite layer comprising a polymer sheet having a conductive layer applied thereon by metallization.
11. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein the flexible electrically conductive second member is made from a metallised polymer sheet.
12. The electrostatic transducer of claim 6 , further comprising at least one of bonding between the first member and the third member; or bonding between the second member and the third member.