Capsules containing high doses of krill phospholipids
Oral capsules have been dismissed as a dosage form for delivery high dosages of krill phospholipids, but by purifying these to high levels it is indeed possible to use this dosage form to deliver, for example, 700 mg or more phospholipids per capsule.
1. A pharmaceutically acceptable capsule including between 700-1200 mg krill phospholipids, wherein the capsule includes liquid contents comprising: (a) 80-95% by weight krill oil, wherein the krill oil includes 85% by weight or more of krill phospholipids; (b) from 2 to 10% of a lower alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-propanol; and c) an additive selected from the group consisting of glycerol, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol.
2. The capsule of claim 1 , which is a soft capsule.
3. The capsule of claim 1 , wherein the krill phospholipids are a mixture of phospholipid compounds of formula (I) as defined herein:
wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from a fatty acid moiety of formula —COC n H m , a fatty acid moiety of formula —CH 2 C n H m , and —H, n is an integer in the range of 11-24 and m=2(n−p)+1, where p is the number of double bonds in the fatty acid moiety, and R 3 is H or is selected from a choline, ethanolamine, N-acetylethanolamine, inositol and serine.
4. The capsule of claim 3 , wherein the mixture of phospholipid compounds of formula (I): includes less than 300 μg astaxanthins per gram of phospholipid; comprises less than 0.01% by weight trimethylamine N-oxide; comprises less than 0.01% by weight homarine; includes less than 1% by weight water; and has less than about 0.03% by weight PUFA polymers.
5. The capsule of claim 3 , wherein the mixture of phospholipid compounds of formula (I): includes at least 85% by weight of phospholipid compounds of formula (I); includes less than 300 μg astaxanthins per gram of phospholipid; includes less than 0.01% by weight trimethylamine N-oxide; and is free from chloroform and hexane.
6. The capsule of claim 5 , wherein the mixture of phospholipid compounds of formula (I): includes less than 0.01% by weight homarine; includes less than 5% by weight water; and includes less than 5% by weight sphingomyelin.
7. The capsule of claim 6 , wherein the mixture of phospholipid compounds of formula (I): includes C16:0 and C14:0 fatty acid moieties, wherein the weight ratio of C16:0/C14:0 fatty acid moieties in the mixture is between 10:1 and 18:1; includes C18:4 n−3/C18:3 n−3 fatty acid moieties, wherein the weight ratio of C18:4 n−3/C18:3 n−3 fatty acid moieties is between 1:1 and 3:2; less than 1% by weight free fatty acids; has less than 0.005% by weight trimethylamine; and is free from canthaxanthin and flavonoid.