Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer device comprising Porro prisms

1. A multiplexer/demultiplexer optical device comprising:

a first beam-splitter, which is provided with first input/output ports for receiving/supplying composite optical beams;

a second beam-splitter, which is provided with second input/output ports and is optically coupled to the first splitter;

a first Porro-prism reflector, which is optically coupled to the second splitter;

a second Porro-prism reflector, which is optically coupled to the second splitter and is structured for introducing into optical beams that traverse it a phase delay depending upon an orbital angular momentum of the composite optical beams and upon an orientation of the second reflector;

wherein said device is a Michelson interferometer structured for obtaining constructive/destructive interferences to multiplex/demultiplex on/from corresponding input/output ports, on the basis of values of orbital angular momentum, a composite optical beam comprising a plurality of concentric optical beams with cylindrical symmetry that have different values of orbital angular momentum,

wherein the first splitter comprises:

a first input/output port for a composite optical beam to be demultiplexed and for the composite optical beam obtained from multiplexing;

an output port for a portion of the composite optical beam; and

a second input/output port for a first optical beam that forms part of the composite optical beam and has a first orbital angular momentum;

and wherein the second splitter comprises:

a third input/output port for a second optical beam that forms part of the composite optical beam and has a second orbital angular momentum;

and wherein the first splitter further comprises:

a first port for coupling to the second splitter;

and wherein the second splitter comprises:

a second port for coupling to the first port of the first splitter;

a second coupling port optically coupled to the first reflector;

and a third coupling port optically coupled to the second reflector.

2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein: the first reflector and/or the second reflector comprise mirror-finished reflecting surfaces for rendering operation of the first and/or of the second reflector independent of polarization of the optical beams.

3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the second reflector is constructed and arranged to introduce a phase delay of a value belonging to the group π/2, π/4, π/8, for introducing, respectively, phase delays of π, π/2, and π/4.

4. The device according to claim 1 , wherein said composite optical beam comprises at least two beams with even orbital angular momentum and at least two beams with odd orbital angular momentum and wherein the device further comprises:

a first multiplexer/demultiplexer device, which is optically coupled to the second input/output port and is structured as a Michelson interferometer for multiplexing/demultiplexing said at least two optical beams with odd orbital angular momentum on/from corresponding input/output ports; and

a second multiplexer/demultiplexer device, which is optically coupled to the first input/output port and is structured like a Michelson interferometer for multiplexing/demultiplexing said at least two optical beams with even orbital angular momentum on corresponding input/output ports.

5. The device according to claim 1 , wherein said first splitter is of the type independent of polarization of an optical radiation that traverses it.

6. The device according to claim 1 , wherein said first splitter is of the type depending upon polarization and is config-configured so as not to transmit on said output port radiation having a pre-set polarization, the device further comprising:

a first optical component, which is able to rotate the polarization and is set between the first splitter and the second splitter; and

a second optical component, which is able to rotate the polarization and faces the third input/output port.

7. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the first splitter (BS 1 ) is of the type independent of polarization, and the device further comprises:

an additional Michelson interferometer, which is optically coupled to the output port of the first splitter and comprises:

a third beam-splitter cube structured for transmitting/reflecting respective portions of the optical beam on a first reflection port, a second reflection port, and a further input/output port for at least one respective optical beam that is demultiplexed or is to be multiplexed;

a third Porro-prism reflector, which is optically coupled to the first reflection port; and

a fourth Porro-prism reflector, which is optically coupled to the second reflection port and is structured for introducing in respective optical beams that traverse it a phase delay depending upon an orbital angular momentum of the respective optical beams and upon an orientation of the fourth reflector.

8. The device according to claim 7 , further comprising a double-mirror optical component coupled to the third input/output port of the second splitter and to the further input/output port of the third splitter of the additional Michelson interferometer.