Image sensor for endoscopic use
An endoscopic device having embodiments of a hybrid imaging sensor that optimizes a pixel array area on a substrate using a stacking scheme for placement of related circuitry with minimal vertical interconnects between stacked substrates and associated features are disclosed. Embodiments of maximized pixel array size/die size (area optimization) are disclosed, and an optimized imaging sensor providing improved image quality, improved functionality, and improved form factors for specific applications common to the industry of digital imaging are also disclosed. Embodiments of the above may include systems, methods and processes for staggering ADC or column circuit bumps in a column or sub-column hybrid image sensor using vertical interconnects are also disclosed.
1. An endoscopic device comprising:
a handle portion;
a lumen; and
an imaging sensor comprising:
a plurality of substrates comprising at least a first substrate and a second substrate;
a pixel array located on the first substrate and comprising a plurality of pixels divided into a plurality of pixel groups, wherein each pixel group has an aspect ratio that is substantially the same as the other pixel groups;
a plurality of supporting circuits located on the second substrate and comprising a plurality of circuits divided into a plurality of circuit groups, wherein each circuit group has an aspect ratio that is substantially the same as the other circuit groups;
a plurality of pixel buses;
a plurality of circuit buses;
wherein at least a portion of one of the pixel buses is superimposed with at least a portion of a corresponding one of the circuit buses.
2. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of pixel groups is defined as one pixel in width and a plurality of pixels in length.
3. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein each pixel group comprises an area, wherein each circuit group comprises an area, and wherein the area of each of the plurality of circuit groups corresponds with the area of a corresponding pixel group.
4. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein the imaging sensor further comprises a plurality interconnects disposed between the plurality of substrates; and wherein said plurality of interconnects are spaced relative to one another at a distance that is greater than a pixel pitch of said pixel array.
5. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein the first substrate and second substrate are in alignment.
6. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein an area of at least one of the pixel groups on the first substrate is substantially equal to an area of at least one of the corresponding circuit groups on the second substrate.
7. The endoscopic device of claim 6 , wherein the aspect ratio of the pixel groups is substantially similar to the aspect ratio of the circuit groups.
8. The endoscopic device of claim 6 , wherein the aspect ratio of the pixel groups is different than the aspect ratio of the circuit groups.
9. The endoscopic device of claim 8 , wherein the aspect ratio of the circuit groups is four times wider than and one-fourth the length of the aspect ratio of the pixel groups.
10. The endoscopic device of claim 8 , wherein the aspect ratio of one of said circuit groups is two times wider than and one-half the length of the aspect ratio of one of said pixel groups.
11. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein said second substrate is substantially the same size as said first substrate.
12. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein an area of one of said pixel groups on said first substrate is larger than an area of one of said corresponding circuit groups on said second substrate.
13. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein an area of one of said pixel groups on said first substrate is smaller than an area of one of said corresponding circuit groups on said second substrate.
14. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of interconnects connect a pixel bus to a corresponding circuit bus.
15. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein said imaging sensor is backside illuminated.
16. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein said pixel array covers a substantial majority of a surface of said first substrate.
17. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein said pixel array covers more than twenty-five percent of a surface of said first substrate.
18. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein said first substrate is made of primarily silicon material.
19. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein said first substrate is made of primarily of “High-Z” semiconductor material (Cadmium Telluride).
20. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein said first substrate is made primarily of III-V semiconductor materials (Gallium Arsenide).
21. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein there is one pixel bus per at least one pixel group and one circuit bus per at least one circuit group.
22. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein an area of each of the plurality of circuit groups is smaller than an area of each of the plurality of pixel groups.
23. The endoscopic device of claim 22 , wherein at least two circuit groups correspond to one pixel group, such that each one of the at least two circuit groups read a portion of the one pixel group and work in parallel to achieve faster readout of the pixel group.
24. The endoscopic device of claim 1 , wherein at least one interconnect is located anywhere along the superimposed portion of each of the pixel buses and the circuit buses to provide electrical communication between one pixel bus and one circuit bus.