Apparatus for extracting power from fluid flow
An apparatus for extracting power includes a track and an airfoil coupled to the track. The track includes first and second elongate sections, where the first elongate section is positioned above the second elongate section. The airfoil includes a suction surface lying between a pressure surface and the track, and is moveable in opposite directions when alternately coupled to the first elongate section and second elongate section.
1. An apparatus for extracting power comprising:
a track comprising first and second elongate sections and a terminal connecting the first and second elongate sections, wherein the first elongate section is positioned behind the second elongate section;
an airfoil moveable in opposite directions when alternately coupled to the first elongate section and second elongate section, wherein the airfoil pitches as it travels along the terminal;
a bridle system coupling at least one of the first and second elongate sections to an anchor; and
a power generator to harvest power from an atmospheric wind through the movement of the airfoil.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the bridle system comprises three bridles directly coupled to at least one of the first and second elongate sections.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the bridle is angled at γ degrees to a horizon and the airfoil is rolled at approximately 90−γ degrees to the horizon when coupled to at least one of the first and second elongate section.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the airfoil decelerates when the airfoil transitions from the first elongate section to the terminal, and wherein the airfoil accelerates when the airfoil transitions from the terminal to the second elongate section.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:
a second airfoil moveable with a greater absolute velocity on the first elongate section than an absolute velocity of the first airfoil on the terminal.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the bridle system distributes downwind forces caused by the airfoil on at least one of the first and second elongate sections.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the bridle system comprises a cable-stayed bridle system.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the bridle system comprises a suspension cable bridle system.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the bridle system comprises a flying anchor point.
10. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the bridle system comprises a helper pylon.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first elongate section is attached to the second elongate section at bridle attachment points.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the first elongate section is rigidly attached to the second elongate section.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a corral that stores the airfoil when not coupled to the track.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a switch for guiding the airfoils off the track.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a third elongate section, and wherein the airfoil is coupled to the third elongate section.
16. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first elongate section and the second elongate section lie in a horizontal plane.
17. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first elongate section and the second elongate section are separated such that a wake from a first airfoil moving on an upwind elongate section does not substantially reduce the aerodynamic forces on a second airfoil moving on a downwind elongate section.
18. A method of extracting power comprising:
providing a track comprising a first elongate section, a second elongate section behind the first elongate section, and a terminal connecting the first and second elongate sections;
coupling an airfoil to the track such that the airfoil pitches as it travels along the terminal;
positioning the track so that the airfoil travels crosswind to an atmospheric wind;
attaching a bridle system to at least one of the first and second elongate sections;
anchoring the bridle system; and
harvesting power from the atmospheric wind through the movement of the airfoil.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the bridle system comprises three bridles, the method further comprising directly attaching the three bridles to at least one of the first and second elongate sections.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the bridle is angled at γ degrees to a horizon and wherein the method further comprises rolling the airfoil at approximately 90−γ degrees to the horizon when coupled to at least one of the first and second elongate section.
21. The method of claim 18 , further comprising deceleraterating the airfoil when it transitions from the first elongate section to the terminal, and accelerating the airfoil when it transitions from the terminal to the second elongate section.
22. The method of claim 18 further comprising coupling a second airfoil to the track, wherein the second airfoil is moveable with a greater absolute velocity on the first elongate section than an absolute velocity of the first airfoil on the terminal.
23. The method of claim 18 , wherein the airfoil comprises a suction surface and a pressure surface, and wherein coupling the airfoil to the track comprises coupling the airfoil so that the pressure surface is facing the atmospheric wind.
24. The method of claim 18 , wherein the bridle system distributes downwind forces caused by the airfoil on at least one of the first and second elongate sections.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the bridle system comprises a cable-stayed bridle system.
26. The method of claim 24 , wherein the bridle system comprises a suspension cable bridle system.
27. The method of claim 24 , wherein the bridle system comprise a flying anchor point.
28. The method of claim 24 , wherein the bridle system comprises a helper pylon.
29. The method of claim 18 further comprising attaching the first elongate section to the second elongate section at bridle attachment points.
30. The method of claim 29 , wherein the first elongate section is rigidly attached to the second elongate section.
31. The method of claim 18 , further comprising storing the airfoil in a corral.
32. The method of claim 18 , further guiding the airfoils off the track using a switch.
33. The method of claim 18 , wherein the first elongate section and the second elongate section lie in a horizontal plane.
34. The method of claim 18 , further comprising separating the first elongate section and the second elongate section such that a wake from a first airfoil moving on an upwind elongate section does not substantially reduce the aerodynamic forces on a second airfoil moving on a downwind elongate section.
35. The method of claim 18 , further comprising coupling the airfoil to a third elongate section.