Polymer pen lithography
The disclosure relates to methods of printing indicia on a substrate using a tip array comprised of elastomeric, compressible polymers. The tip array can be prepared using conventional photolithographic methods and can be tailored to have any desired number and/or arrangement of tips. Numerous copies (e.g., greater than 15,000, or greater than 11 million) of a pattern can be made in a parallel fashion in as little as 40 minutes.
1. A tip array comprising a plurality of tips fixed to a common substrate layer, the common substrate layer adhered to an at least translucent rigid support, the tips and common substrate layer formed from an elastomeric polymer, the elastomeric polymer of the tips having a compression modulus of about 10 MPa to about 300 MPa, and each tip having a radius of curvature of less than about 1 μm, and the plurality of tips, common substrate layer, and rigid support together are at least translucent.
2. The tip array of claim 1 , wherein each tip has a radius of curvature of less than about 0.5 μm.
3. The tip array of claim 2 , wherein each tip has a radius of curvature of less than about 100 nm.
4. The tip array of claim 1 , wherein the tips are arranged in a regular periodic pattern.
5. The tip array of claim 1 , wherein the tips are identically-shaped.
6. The tip array of claim 1 , wherein the tips are pyramidal.
7. The tip array of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the common substrate layer is about 50 μm to about 100 μm.
8. The tip array of claim 1 , wherein the common substrate layer and tips have a combined thickness of less than about 200 μm.
9. The tip array of claim 8 , wherein the combined thickness is less than about 150 μm.
10. The tip array of claim 9 , wherein the combined thickness is about 100 μm.