Methods for multi-wire routing and apparatus implementing same
A rectangular interlevel connector array (RICA) is defined in a semiconductor chip. To define the RICA, a virtual grid for interlevel connector placement is defined to include a first set of parallel virtual lines that extend across the layout in a first direction, and a second set of parallel virtual lines that extend across the layout in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. A first plurality of interlevel connector structures are placed at respective gridpoints in the virtual grid to form a first RICA. The first plurality of interlevel connector structures of the first RICA are placed to collaboratively connect a first conductor channel in a first chip level with a second conductor channel in a second chip level. A second RICA can be interleaved with the first RICA to collaboratively connect third and fourth conductor channels that are respectively interleaved with the first and second conductor channels.
1. A semiconductor chip, comprising:
a first conductor including a portion extending in a first direction, the first conductor located within a first level of the semiconductor chip;
a second conductor including a portion extending in the first direction, the second conductor located within the first level of the semiconductor chip;
a third conductor including a portion extending in the first direction, the third conductor located within the first level of the semiconductor chip, the portion of the second conductor positioned between the portions of the first and third conductors in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
a fourth conductor including a portion extending in the first direction, the fourth conductor located within the first level of the semiconductor chip, the portion of the third conductor positioned between the portions of the second and fourth conductors in the second direction;
a fifth conductor including a portion extending in the second direction, the fifth conductor located within a second level of the semiconductor chip, the portion of the fifth conductor extending over the portions of the first, second, third, and fourth conductors;
a first interlevel conductor contacting the portion of the first conductor and contacting the portion of the fifth conductor; and
a second interlevel conductor contacting the portion of the fourth conductor and contacting the portion of the fifth conductor.
2. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 1 , wherein the portions of the first and fourth conductors form part of a first electrical node, and wherein the portions of the second and third conductors form part of a second electrical node.
3. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the second conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the third conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the fourth conductor is linear-shaped.
4. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 3 , wherein the portion of the fifth conductor is linear-shaped.
5. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:
a sixth conductor including a portion extending in the second direction, the sixth conductor located within the second level of the semiconductor chip, the portion of the sixth conductor extending over the portions of the first, second, and third conductors;
a third interlevel conductor contacting the portion of the second conductor and contacting the portion of the sixth conductor; and
a fourth interlevel conductor contacting the portion of the third conductor and contacting the portion of the sixth conductor.
6. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 5 , further comprising:
a seventh conductor including a portion extending in the second direction, the seventh conductor located within the second level of the semiconductor chip, the portion of the seventh conductor extending over the portions of the first, second, and third conductors;
a fifth interlevel conductor contacting the portion of the second conductor and contacting the portion of the seventh conductor; and
a sixth interlevel conductor contacting the portion of the third conductor and contacting the portion of the seventh conductor.
7. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 6 , wherein the portions of the sixth and seventh conductors are positioned next to each other.
8. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 6 , further comprising:
an eighth conductor including a portion extending in the second direction, the eighth conductor located within the second level of the semiconductor chip, the portion of the eighth conductor extending over the portions of the first and fourth conductors;
a seventh interlevel conductor contacting the portion of the first conductor and contacting the portion of the eighth conductor; and
an eighth interlevel conductor contacting the portion of the fourth conductor and contacting the portion of the eighth conductor.
9. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 8 , wherein the portions of the sixth and seventh conductors are positioned between the portions of the fifth and eighth conductors in the first direction.
10. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 8 , wherein the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth interlevel conductors are positioned between the portions of the fifth and eighth conductors in the first direction and between the portions of the first and fourth conductors in the second direction.
11. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 10 , wherein the portions of the first, second, third, and fourth conductors are positioned in accordance with a first uniform pitch as measured in the second direction.
12. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 11 , wherein the first conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the second conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the third conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the fourth conductor is linear-shaped.
13. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 11 , wherein the portions of the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth conductors are positioned in accordance with a second uniform pitch as measured in the first direction.
14. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 13 , wherein the first conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the second conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the third conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the fourth conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the fifth conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the sixth conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the seventh conductor is linear-shaped, and wherein the eighth conductor is linear-shaped.
15. The semiconductor chip as recited in claim 13 , wherein the first and second uniform pitches are equal.