Synthetic composition for preventing or treating CVD
The invention relates to HMOs and compositions comprising thereof for reducing the risk of, preventing, or treating CVD and/or CDV associated pathological conditions or diseases in humans, particularly in overweight and obese humans.
1. A method for reducing a risk of heart failure in a non-infant human, the method comprising:
increasing the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis in the microbiota of the non-infant human by administering daily to the non-infant human about 2 g to about 10 g of a mixture consisting essentially of two to five synthetic neutral human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs),
wherein at least one of the synthetic neutral HMOs is a fucosylated HMO selected from 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL) and difucosyllactose (DFL), and
wherein at least one of the synthetic neutral HMOs is a non-fucosylated HMO selected from lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT).
2. The method of claim 1 , in which from about 3.5 g to about 7.5 g of the mixture is administered daily.
3. The method of claim 1 , in which the mixture consists essentially of 2′-FL and LNnT.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the 2′-FL:LNnT ratio is about 1.5:1 to about 4:1.
5. The method of claim 1 , in which the HMOs of the mixture are administered as undiluted compounds or in the form of a synthetic composition, in one or more unit dosage forms.
6. The method of claim 1 , in which the mixture is enterally administered.
7. The method of claim 1 , in which the non-infant human is administered daily the 2 g to about 10 g of the mixture for at least 14 days.
8. The method of claim 1 , in which the non-infant human is overweight or obese.
9. A method for reducing a risk of developing a cardiovascular disease selected from stroke, pulmonary embolism, and peripheral artery disease (PAD), in a patient that is an adult human, the method comprising:
increasing the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis in the microbiota of the adult human patient by administering a mixture consisting essentially of two to five neutral human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), wherein at least one of the neutral HMOs is a fucosylated HMO selected from 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL) and difucosyllactose (DFL), and wherein at least one of the neutral HMOs is a non-fucosylated HMO selected from lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT).
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising increasing production of short chain fatty acids in the patient.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein increasing the relative abundance of the Bifidobacterium adolescentis is relative to an abundance of one or more microorganisms present in the microbiota of the patient selected from the phylum Firmicutes and the phylum Proteobacteria phyla.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein administering the mixture comprises orally administering the mixture daily.
13. The method of claim 9 , in which the mixture consists essentially of 2′-FL and LNT.
14. A method of treating a cardiovascular disease (CVD) in an obese human patient at least five years of age having CVD, the method comprising:
increasing the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis in the microbiota of the obese human patient by administering a mixture consisting essentially of two to five synthetic neutral HMOs,
wherein at least one of the synthetic neutral HMOs is a fucosylated HMO selected from 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), difucosyllactose (DFL), and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP-I), and
wherein at least one of the synthetic neutral HMOs is a non-fucosylated HMO selected from lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT).
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein administering the mixture increases production of short chain fatty acids in the patient.