Phosphonium ionomers comprising pendant vinyl groups and processes for preparing same
The present invention relates to ionomers comprising a reaction product of the reaction between a halogenated isoolefin copolymer and at least one phosphorus based nucleophile comprising at least one pendant vinyl group. The present invention also relates to a method of preparing and curing these ionomers.
1. An ionomer comprising at least one pendant vinyl group, the ionomer comprising a reaction product of a reaction between a halogenated isoolefin copolymer and at least one phosphorus based nucleophile comprising at least one pendant vinyl group.
2. The ionomer of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated isoolefin copolymer comprises repeating units derived from at least one isoolefin monomer, and repeating units derived from one or more multiolefin monomers, one or more alkyl substituted aromatic vinyl monomers or a mixture thereof.
3. The ionomer of claim 2 , wherein said halogenated copolymer comprises repeating units derived from the at least one isoolefin monomer and repeating units derived from the one or more multiolefin monomers.
4. The ionomer of claim 3 , wherein one or more of the repeating units derived from the multiolefin monomers comprise an allylic halogen moiety.
5. The ionomer of claim 4 , wherein the conjugated diolefin is isoprene.
6. The ionomer of claim 3 , wherein the isoolefin monomer comprises isobutylene.
7. The ionomer of claim 3 , wherein the ionomer comprises from about 0.5 to about 2.5 mol % of the repeating units derived from the one or more multiolefin monomers.
8. The ionomer of claim 3 , wherein the ionomer comprises from about 3.0 to about 8.0 mol % of the repeating units derived from the one or more multiolefin monomers.
9. The ionomer of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated isoolefin copolymer comprises halobutyl rubber.
10. An ionomer comprising a reaction product of a reaction between a halogenated isoolefin copolymer and at least one phosphorus based nucleophile comprising at least one pendant vinyl group, wherein the phosphorus based nucleophile has the formula:
wherein:
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently a linear or branched C 1 -C 18 alkyl group optionally comprising one or more hetero atoms, one or more carbonyl groups or combinations thereof; C 6 to C 10 aryl; C 3 -C 6 heteroaryl; C 3 -C 6 cycloakyl; C 3 -C 6 heterocycloalkyl; or combinations thereof; and
at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 contains a pendant vinyl group.
11. The ionomer of claim 10 wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a linear or branched C 1 -C 18 alkyl group optionally substituted with —C(O)—C(═CR′R″)R 4 , or —C(O)R 4 , wherein R′, R″ and R 4 are independently C 1 -C 6 alkyl or H; or a C 6 to C 10 aryl group.
12. The ionomer of claim 10 wherein, at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a C 6 to C 10 aryl substituted with a pendent vinyl group or substituted with a linear or branched C 1 -C 18 alkyl group having a pendant vinyl group, wherein the pendant vinyl group is represented by the formula —CH═CH 2 .
13. The ionomer of claim 10 , wherein the phosphorus based nucleophile is selected from the group consisting of diphenylphosphinostyrene (DPPS), allyldiphenylphosphine, diallylphenylphosphine, diphenylvinylphosphine, triallylphosphine, and mixtures thereof.
14. A process for preparing an ionomer having at least one pendant vinyl group, the process comprising contacting a halogenated isoolefin copolymer comprising a halogen moiety and at least one phosphorus based nucleophile comprising at least one pendant vinyl group to react the halogen moiety of the halogenated copolymer with the nucleophile to form an ionomer having at least one pendant vinyl group.
15. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the phosphorus based nucleophile is reacted with the halogenated copolymer at about 1 to 5 molar equivalents based on total molar amount of the halogen present in the halogenated polymer.
16. The process according to claim 14 , further comprising curing the ionomer by heating at a suitable curing temperature.
17. The process of claim 16 , wherein the curing step further comprises adding a peroxide curing agent.
18. The process of claim 17 , wherein the process further comprises admixing a peroxide curing co-agent with the peroxide curing agent and the ionomer.
19. The process of claim 16 , wherein the phosphorus based nucleophile is reacted with the halogenated copolymer at about 1 to 5 molar equivalents based on total molar amount of the halogen group.
20. The process of claim 16 , wherein the ionomer comprises total unsaturation of the copolymer and the pendant vinyl group in an amount greater than or equal to 1.0 mol %.