Nanowires for pillar interconnects
An embodiment of the invention may include a semiconductor structure, and method of forming the semiconductor structure. The semiconductor structure may include a first set of pillars located on a first substrate. The semiconductor structure may include a second set of pillars located on a second substrate. The semiconductor structure may include a joining layer connecting the first pillar to the second pillar. The semiconductor structure may include an underfill layer located between the first and second substrate.
1. A method of forming a semiconductor structure comprising:
forming a plurality of first conductive pillars on a first substrate, wherein forming the plurality of first conductive pillars comprises:
forming a masking layer on a masked region of a first substrate, and wherein an unmasked region of the first substrate comprises a plurality of electrical connections; and
forming a conductive material in the unmasked region, forming the plurality of first conductive pillars on the first substrate;
forming a first set of conductive nanowires on a first surface of the plurality of first conductive pillars, wherein forming a first set of conductive nanowires comprises:
forming a porous layer on a surface of the plurality of first conductive pillars, wherein the porous layer comprises a plurality of pores extending from an exposed surface of the porous layer to the surface of the plurality of the first conductive pillars; and
forming a conductive material in the plurality of pores;
following the formation of the first set of conductive nanowires, removing the masking layer and porous layer using laser ablation, wherein laser ablation selectively removes the masking layer and porous layer with respect to the first set of conductive nanowires;
forming a plurality of second conductive pillars on a second substrate;
forming a second set of conductive nanowires on a second surface of the plurality of second conductive pillars; and
forming an electrical connection between the first pillar and the second pillar by joining the first set of conductive nanowires with the second set of conductive nanowires.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the porous layer has a concentration of 4 pores/(μm) 2 to 400 pores/(μm) 2 .
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming an electrical connection between the first pillar and the second pillar comprises:
aligning the first set of conductive nanowires with the second set of conductive nanowires; and
performing thermal compression to join the first set of conductive nanowires to the second set of conductive nanowires.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein thermal compression is performed at a temperature of about 150° C. to about 230° C.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising depositing an underfill layer between the first substrate and the second substrate.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming a seed layer above the first substrate, wherein the seed layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of: titanium, titanium tungsten, and titanium tungsten chrome copper; and wherein the forming a conductive material in the unmasked region, comprises forming the plurality of first conductive pillars on seed layer located on the first substrate.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein removing the masking layer using laser ablation further comprises removing the seed layer using laser ablation.