Cold formed laminates
The principles and embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to complexly curved laminates made from a complexly curved substrate and a flat substrate, such as automotive window glazings, and methods of cold forming complexly-curved glass products from a curved substrate and a flat substrate. In one or more embodiments, the laminate includes first complexly-curved glass substrate with a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, a second complexly-curved glass substrate with a third surface and a fourth surface opposite the third surface with a thickness therebetween; and a polymer interlayer affixed to the second convex surface and third surface, wherein the third surface and fourth surface have compressive stress values respectively that differ such that the fourth surface has as compressive stress value that is greater than the compressive stress value of the third surface.
1. A laminate comprising:
a first complexly-curved glass substrate having a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a first thickness therebetween;
a second complexly-curved glass substrate having a third surface, a fourth surface opposite the third surface, and a second thickness therebetween; and
a polymer interlayer affixed to the second surface and third surface,
wherein one of the first thickness and the second thickness is in the range of about 0.2 mm to about 0.7 mm and wherein the third and fourth surfaces respectively have compressive stress values such that the fourth surface has as compressive stress value that is greater than the compressive stress value of the third surface.
2. The laminate of claim 1 , wherein the complexly-curved glass substrate having a thickness in the range of about 0.2 mm to about 0.7 mm is a chemically strengthened glass.
3. The laminate of claim 1 , wherein the first complexly-curved glass substrate has a thickness in the range of about 1.4 mm to about 3.85 mm, and the second complexly-curved glass substrate has a thickness in the range of about 0.2 mm to about 0.7 mm.
4. The laminate of claim 1 , wherein the first complexly-curved glass substrate is made of soda lime glass.
5. The laminate of claim 1 , wherein the intervening polymer interlayer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl butyral, ethylenevinylacetate, ionomers, polyvinyl chloride copolymers and thermoplastic polyurethane.
6. The laminate of claim 1 , wherein a peripheral portion of the second complexly-curved glass substrate exerts a compressive force against the polymer interlayer, and a center portion of the second complexly-curved glass substrate exerts a tensile force against the polymer interlayer.
7. The laminate of claim 1 , further comprising a uniform distance between the second surface and the third surface.
8. The laminate of claim 1 , wherein the laminate exhibits a radii of curvature, wherein the radii of curvature are less than 1000 mm.