Polymers prepared from functionalized dimethoxyphenol monomers
Dimethoxyphenol-based monomers containing polymerizable functional groups such as [meth]acrylate groups are useful for the preparation of polymers, wherein one or more dimethoxyphenyl moieties are part of side chains pendant to the backbones of the polymers. The polymers thereby obtained may have different, improved properties, such as higher glass transition temperatures, thermal stability and solvent resistance, as compared to polymers based on other types of lignin-derived monomers.
1. A polymer comprising, in polymerized form, at least one polymerizable monomer comprised of a phenyl ring, two methoxy groups substituted on the phenyl ring, and at least one substituent on the phenyl ring comprised of at least one polymerizable functional group which is an ethylenically unsaturated functional group, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated functional group has been polymerized in the polymer, wherein the at least one polymerizable monomer has a structure corresponding to formula (I):
wherein R1 is a heteroatom-containing organic moiety selected from the group consisting of aldehyde-containing groups, ketone-containing groups, carboxylic acid-containing groups, and hydroxyl-containing groups; and
wherein R2 is the substituent comprised of at least one polymerizable functional group which is an ethylenically unsaturated functional group.
2. The polymer of claim 1 additionally comprising, in polymerized form, one or more polymerizable co-monomers other than polymerizable monomers having structures corresponding to formula (I).
3. The polymer of claim 2 , wherein the one or more polymerizable co-monomers are selected from the group consisting of lignin-based monomers, styrenes, phenyl [meth]acrylates, alkyl [meth]acrylates, [meth]acrylates other than alkyl [meth]acrylates and phenyl [meth]acrylates, terephthalates, amides, amines, diamides, diamines, dichlorides, nitriles, carboxylic acids, lactones, lactams, maleates, fumarates, malonates, maleinates, vinyls, vinyl esters, vinyl amides, [meth]acrylamides, thiols, dithiols, polythiols, enes, dienes, olefins, allyl monomers, azides, diazides, phosgene, carbonates, carbamates, succinates, alcohols, silanes, silicones, siloxanes, ethers, vinyl ethers, vinyl sulfides, isocyanates, epoxides, norbornenes, anhydrides, and combinations thereof.
4. The polymer of claim 2 , wherein the polymer is a block copolymer, random copolymer, star polymer, brush polymer, or gradient copolymer.
5. A polymer comprising, in polymerized form, at least one polymerizable monomer comprised of a phenyl ring, two methoxy groups substituted on the phenyl ring, and at least one substituent on the phenyl ring comprised of at least one polymerizable functional group which is an ethylenically unsaturated functional group, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated functional group has been polymerized in the polymer, wherein the at least one polymerizable monomer has a structure corresponding to formula (I):
wherein R 1 is hydrogen or formyl and R 2 is [meth]acrylate.
6. The polymer of claim 5 additionally comprising, in polymerized form, one or more polymerizable co-monomers other than polymerizable monomers having structures corresponding to formula (I).
7. The polymer of claim 6 , wherein the one or more polymerizable co-monomers are selected from the group consisting of lignin-based monomers, styrenes, phenyl [meth]acrylates, alkyl [meth]acrylates, [meth]acrylates other than alkyl [meth]acrylates and phenyl [meth]acrylates, terephthalates, amides, amines, diamides, diamines, dichlorides, nitriles, carboxylic acids, lactones, lactams, maleates, fumarates, malonates, maleinates, vinyls, vinyl esters, vinyl amides, [meth]acrylamides, thiols, dithiols, polythiols, enes, dienes, olefins, allyl monomers, azides, diazides, phosgene, carbonates, carbamates, succinates, alcohols, silanes, silicones, siloxanes, ethers, vinyl ethers, vinyl sulfides, isocyanates, epoxides, norbornenes, anhydrides, and combinations thereof.
8. The polymer of claim 6 , wherein the polymer is a block copolymer, random copolymer, star polymer, brush polymer, or gradient copolymer.