Process for producing taurine
There is disclosed a process for producing taurine by the ammonolysis of alkali isethionate in the presence of alkali ditaurinate or alkali tritaurinate, or their mixture, to inhibit the formation of byproducts and to continuously convert the byproducts of the ammonolysis reaction to alkali taurinate. The production yield is increased to from 90% to nearly quantitative. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.
1. A process for producing taurine from alkali isethionate, comprising:
(a) mixing alkali isethionate with a solution of alkali ditaurinate, alkali tritaurinate, or their mixture in the presence of one or more catalysts;
(b) adding an excess of ammonia to the (a) and subjecting the solution to ammonolysis reaction to yield a mixture of alkali taurinate, alkali ditaurinate, and alkali tritaurinate;
(c) removing excess ammonia and neutralizing with an acid to obtain a crystalline suspension of taurine; and
(d) separating taurine by means of solid-liquid separation.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein alkali taurinate and alkali tritaurinate are produced from diethanolamine and triethanolamine, respectively.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a mixture of alkali ditaurinate and alkali tritaurinate is the byproduct of the ammonolysis reaction of alkali isethionate.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein an acid is selected from hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and organic carboxylic acids.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mother liquor after separating taurine and alkali salt is continuously recycled and mixed with a new batch of alkali isethionate for the ammonolysis reaction.
6. The process according to claim 1 , one or a combination of two or more catalysts for the ammonolysis reaction is selected from alkali salts of hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, and nitrate.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the production yield of taurine is greater than 95%, to nearly quantitative.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the alkali metals are lithium, sodium, or potassium.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the production yield of taurine is greater than 85%.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the production yield of taurine is greater than 90%.