Impedance matching circuit and method for radio frequency transmission coil

1. An impedance matching circuit for a radio frequency (RF) transmission coil, comprising:

a coil interface circuit configured to output a RF transmission signal in a RF transmission state or to output a RF received signal in a RF reception state;

a coil matching circuit serially coupled between the RF transmission coil and the coil interface circuit through a plurality of direct current (DC) blocking devices, the coil matching circuit comprising a varactor diode;

a RF power detection circuit coupled to the coil interface circuit and configured to detect power of a RF forward signal and power of a RF reflected signal in the RF transmission state; and

a spectrometer configured to:

output an output voltage to the coil matching circuit, the output voltage being reversely applied on the varactor diode, an impedance of the coil matching circuit being changed based on the output voltage on the varactor diode,

output a RF transmission signal to the RF power detection circuit after outputting the output voltage,

receive the power of the RF forward signal and the power of the RF reflected signal corresponded to the output voltage, and

assign a particular output voltage corresponding to a minimum power of the RF reflected signal as an impedance matching voltage which causes an equivalent impedance of the coil matching circuit and the RF transmission coil to match with an impedance of RF transmission lines.

2. The impedance matching circuit of claim 1 , wherein the coil matching circuit further comprises a plurality of RF blocking devices, and

wherein the output voltage outputted from the spectrometer to the coil matching circuit is reversely applied on the varactor diode through the plurality of RF blocking devices.

3. The impedance matching circuit of claim 1 , wherein:

a first output terminal of the coil matching circuit is coupled to a first input terminal of the RF transmission coil through a first DC blocking device of the plurality of DC blocking devices;

a second output terminal of the coil matching circuit is coupled to a second input terminal of the RF transmission coil through a second DC blocking device of the plurality of DC blocking devices;

a first input terminal of the coil matching circuit is coupled to a first output terminal of the coil interface circuit through a third DC blocking device of the plurality of DC blocking devices;

a second input terminal of the coil matching circuit is coupled to a second output terminal of the coil interface circuit through a fourth DC blocking device of the plurality of DC blocking devices; and

a third input terminal of the coil matching circuit is connected to a first output terminal of the spectrometer.

4. The impedance matching circuit of claim 3 , wherein the coil matching circuit includes the varactor diode, a first RF blocking device, and a second RF blocking device, and

wherein:

a first terminal of the first RF blocking device is the third input terminal of the coil matching circuit;

a second terminal of the first RF blocking device is connected to a cathode of the varactor diode;

an anode of the varactor diode is coupled to a ground through the second RF blocking device;

the cathode of the varactor diode is the first input terminal of the coil matching circuit;

the anode of the varactor diode is the first output terminal of the coil matching circuit; and

the second output terminal of the coil matching circuit is shorted with the second input terminal of the coil matching circuit.

5. The impedance matching circuit of claim 3 , wherein the coil matching circuit comprises the varactor diode, a third RF blocking device, and a fourth RF blocking device; and

wherein:

the first output terminal of the coil matching circuit is shorted with the first input terminal of the coil matching circuit;

a first terminal of the third RF blocking device is the third input terminal of the coil matching circuit;

a second terminal of the third RF blocking device is connected to a cathode of the varactor diode;

an anode of the varactor diode is coupled to a ground through the fourth RF blocking device;

the cathode of the varactor diode is the second input terminal of the coil matching circuit; and

the anode of the varactor diode is the second output terminal of the coil matching circuit.

6. The impedance matching circuit of claim 3 , wherein the coil matching circuit includes a first varactor diode, a second varactor diode, a first RF blocking device, a second RF blocking device, a third RF blocking device, and a fourth RF blocking device; and

wherein:

a first terminal of the first RF blocking device is the third input terminal of the coil matching circuit;

a second terminal of the first RF blocking device is connected to a cathode of the first varactor diode;

an anode of the first varactor diode is coupled to a ground through the second RF blocking device;

the cathode of the first varactor diode is the first input terminal of the coil matching circuit;

the anode of the first varactor diode is the first output terminal of the coil matching circuit;

the second terminal of the first RF blocking device is connected to a first terminal of the third RF blocking device;

a second terminal of the third RF blocking device is connected to a cathode of the second varactor diode;

an anode of the second varactor diode is coupled to the ground through the fourth RF blocking device;

the cathode of the second varactor diode is the second input terminal of the coil matching device; and

the anode of the second varactor diode is the second output terminal of the coil matching device.

7. The impedance matching circuit of claim 1 , wherein the RF power detection circuit includes a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler, and

wherein:

a terminal of the first directional coupler is coupled to a second output terminal of the spectrometer through a RF amplifier;

an output terminal of the first directional coupler is connected to an output terminal of the second directional coupler;

a coupling terminal of the first directional coupler is connected to a first input terminal of the spectrometer;

an input terminal of the second directional coupler is connected to the coil interface circuit; and

a coupling terminal of the second directional coupler is connected to a second input terminal of the spectrometer.

8. The impedance matching circuit of claim 7 , wherein:

the second output terminal of the spectrometer outputs the RF transmission signal to the input terminal of the first directional coupler through the RF amplifier after outputting the output voltage from the first output terminal of the spectrometer to the coil matching circuit, and

the coupling terminal of the first directional coupler outputs the power of the RF forward signal corresponded to the output voltage to the first input terminal of the spectrometer, and the coupling terminal of the second directional coupler outputs the power of the RF reflected signal corresponded to the output voltage to the second input terminal of the spectrometer.

9. The impedance matching circuit of claim 1 , wherein the coil interface circuit comprises at least one of a RF power divider/mixer, a first RF switch, a second RF switch, a fifth DC blocking device, a sixth DC blocking device, a seventh DC blocking device, an eighth DC blocking device, a transmission power absorption load, a reception power absorption load, or a preamplifier; and

wherein:

a first terminal of the RF power divider/mixer is connected to a first terminal of the first RF switch;

a second terminal of the first RF switch is coupled to the RF power detection circuit through the fifth DC blocking device;

a third terminal of the first RF switch is coupled to a first terminal of the reception power absorption load through the sixth DC blocking, and a second terminal of the reception power absorption load is connected to a ground;

a second terminal of the RF power divider/mixer is connected to a first terminal of the second RF switch;

a second terminal of the second RF switch is coupled to a first terminal of the transmission power absorption load through the seventh DC blocking, and a second terminal of the transmission power absorption load is connected to the ground;

a third terminal of the second RF switch is coupled to the preamplifier through the eighth DC blocking;

the preamplifier is connected to the spectrometer;

a third terminal of the RF power divider/mixer is coupled to a second input terminal of the coil matching circuit through a DC blocking device; and

a fourth terminal of the RF power divider/mixer is coupled to a first input terminal of the coil matching circuit through a DC blocking device.

10. The impedance matching circuit of claim 9 , wherein the coil interface circuit further comprises:

a first switch signal driver having a first terminal connected to the spectrometer and a second terminal coupled to the RF transmission coil through a fifth RF blocking device, the first switch signal driver receives a coil state control signal from the spectrometer, and the first switch signal driver transmits a coil detuning state driving signal or a resonant state driving signal to the RF transmission coil; and

a second switch signal driver having a first terminal connected to the spectrometer and a second terminal coupled to the first RF switch and the second RF switch through a sixth RF blocking device, the second switch signal driver receives a coil state control signal from the spectrometer, and the second switch signal driver transmits a RF transmission state driving signal to the first RF switch and the second RF switch.