Immunoassay test device with two fluid flow paths for detection and differentiation of two or more analytes
A device for determining presence or absence of infection due to an infectious agent is described. The device comprises a sample receiving zone configured to receive a liquid sample from a subject suspected of having an infection due to an infectious agent, the sample receiving zone positioned to distribute the sample along a first fluid flow path to a first label zone and along a second fluid flow path to a second label zone. Test lines in each fluid flow path capture a mobile detectable species as an indicator of presence or absence of the infectious agent. The device also comprises a reference line positioned in the one of the fluid flow paths. The bidirectional fluid flow paths emanate from a common sample zone and provide an efficient approach to detection and differentiate two species as indicators of the same infectious agent or as indicators of two different infectious agents.
1. A device, comprising:
only one sample receiving zone, the sample receiving zone configured to receive a liquid sample from a subject suspected of comprising an analyte of interest, the sample receiving zone positioned to distribute the sample along a first fluid flow path to a first label zone and along a second fluid flow path, distinct from the first fluid flow path, to a second label zone, each of said first and second label zones comprising, respectively, a first mobilizable, detectable species that binds IgM antibodies specific to the analyte of interest present in the liquid sample and a second mobilizable, detectable species that binds IgG antibodies specific to the analyte of interest present in the liquid sample; and
only one reference line, wherein the reference line is positioned in the first fluid flow path and comprises an immobilized species with binding affinity for a detectable moiety deposited on the device upstream of the reference line;
wherein the device comprises a first test line in the first fluid flow path positioned downstream of the first label zone, the first test line comprising a first immobilized species that is capable of directly binding the IgM antibodies and that is capable of specifically binding a conjugate comprised of the first mobilizable, detectable species and the IgM antibodies, and wherein the first immobilized species comprises an antigen from the analyte of interest; and
wherein the device comprises a second test line in the second fluid flow path positioned downstream of the second label zone, the second test line comprising a second immobilized species that is capable of directly binding the IgG antibodies and that is capable of specifically binding a conjugate comprised of the second mobilizable, detectable species and the IgG antibodies, and wherein the second immobilized species comprises an antigen from the analyte of interest.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first fluid flow path and the second fluid flow path are at an angle selected from a straight angle (180°), an obtuse angle and an acute angle.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the reference line is downstream of the first test line.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the mobilizable, detectable species in the first label zone comprises a nonhuman anti-human IgM antibody.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the immobilized species in the first test line comprises a plurality of antigens for B. burgdorferi with binding affinity for the human IgM antibody against B. burgdorferi.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the mobilizable, detectable species second label zone comprises a nonhuman anti-human IgG antibody.
7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the immobilized species in the second test line comprises a plurality of antigens for B. burgdorferi with binding affinity for the human IgG antibody against B. burgdorferi.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the mobilizable, detectable species comprises a label detectable optically.
9. The device of claim 8 , wherein the optically detectable label is a fluorescent or chemiluminescent marker.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the sample receiving zone is positioned between the first label zone and the second label zone.
11. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a substrate, wherein the sample receiving zone, the first and second fluid flow paths, the first and second label zones, the first and second test lines, and the reference line are deposited on the substrate for direct contact therewith.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first and second test lines are within a single optical window for inspection by an instrument.
13. The device of claim 1 , wherein the sample receiving zone dispenses sample to the first label zone and the second label zone in essentially equal amounts or at essentially equal rates.
14. A device, comprising:
only one sample receiving zone, the sample receiving zone configured to receive a liquid sample from a subject suspected of comprising an analyte of interest, the sample receiving zone positioned to distribute the sample along a first fluid flow path to a first label zone and along a second fluid flow path, distinct from the first fluid flow path, to a second label zone, the first label zone comprises a mobilizable, detectable nonhuman anti-human IgM antibody that binds IgM antibodies specific to the analyte of interest present in the liquid sample, the second label zone comprises a mobilizable, detectable nonhuman anti-human IgG antibody that binds IgG antibodies specific to the analyte of interest present in the liquid sample; and
only one reference line, wherein the reference line is positioned in the first fluid flow path and comprises an immobilized species with binding affinity for a detectable moiety deposited on the device upstream of the reference line;
wherein the device comprises a first test line in the first fluid flow path positioned downstream of the first label zone, the first test line comprising a first immobilized species that is capable of specifically binding a conjugate comprised of the first mobilizable, detectable species and the IgM antibodies specific to the analyte of interest, and wherein the first immobilized species comprises an antigen from the analyte of interest; and
wherein the device comprises a second test line in the second fluid flow path positioned downstream of the second label zone, the second test line comprising a second immobilized species that is capable of specifically binding a conjugate comprised of the second mobilizable, detectable species and the IgG antibodies specific to the analyte of interest, and wherein the second immobilized species comprises an antigen from the analyte of interest.