Tube support system for nuclear steam generators
Apparatus for a steam generator that employs tube support plates within a shroud that is in turn disposed within a shell. The tube support plates are made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of the shroud. The tube support plates are aligned during fabrication, with minimal clearances between components. Using a tube support displacement system, a controlled misalignment is then imposed on one or more tube support plates, as the steam generator heats up. The tube support plate displacement system has only one part, a push rod, which is internal to the steam generator shroud, thereby minimizing the potential of loose parts. The tube support plate displacement system can be used to provide controlled misalignments on one or more tube support plates, in the same or varying amounts and directions, and with one or more apparatus for each individual tube support plate.
1. A tube support system for use in a heat exchanger having a plurality of tubes in spaced parallel relation for flow of fluid there through for heat transfer with a fluid flowing there over, the heat exchanger further having a shroud, the shroud disposed within a pressure shell and surrounding the tubes, the tube support system comprising:
a tube support plate disposed within the shroud transverse to the tubes, the support plate being made of a material having a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the shroud; and
a push rod that passes through both the shroud and the pressure shell and is engaged to a spring which pushes the push rod into contact with an edge of the tube support plate, thereby displacing the tube support plate,
wherein the spring is located external to the shell.
2. The tube support system of claim 1 , wherein the spring is preloaded.
3. The tube support system of claim 1 , wherein the system is part of the heat exchanger having the plurality of tubes in spaced parallel relation for flow of fluid there through for heat transfer with a fluid flowing there over, the heat exchanger further having the shroud, the shroud disposed within the pressure shell and surrounding the tubes and the support plate.
4. The tube support system of claim 1 , wherein the system is part of the heat exchanger having the plurality of tubes in spaced parallel relation for flow of fluid there through for heat transfer with a fluid flowing there over, the heat exchanger further having the shroud, the shroud disposed within the pressure shell and surrounding the tubes and the support plate.
5. A tube support system for use in a heat exchanger having a plurality of tubes in spaced parallel relation for flow of fluid there through for heat transfer with a fluid flowing there over, the heat exchanger further having tube support plates arranged transverse to the tubes, and a cylindrical shroud, the shroud disposed within a cylindrical pressure shell and surrounding the tubes, the tube support displacement system comprising:
a push rod that passes through both the shroud and the pressure shell and has a first end for contacting a tube support plate that is disposed within the shroud and a second end opposite the first end in contact with a push rod piston;
a helical spring engaged with the push rod piston for applying a lateral displacement force to the push rod in a direction transverse to the tubes;
a pressure chamber external to the shell containing the helical spring and push rod piston; and
a bolted, gasketed and flanged connection that attaches the pressure chamber to the shell.
6. The tube support displacement system of claim 5 , further comprising means, external to the shell, for adjusting a force applied to the push rod by the helical spring.
7. The tube support displacement system of claim 5 , wherein a length of the push rod is capable of being adjusted to limit the maximum lateral displacement of the push rod.
8. The tube support displacement system of claim 5 , wherein the helical spring is preloaded.
9. The tube support displacement system of claim 5 , the system further comprising:
a plurality of tube support plates disposed at different levels transverse to the tubes, the support plates being made of a material having a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the shroud;
wherein each tube support plate is engaged by at least one corresponding push rod for displacing the tube support plate in a lateral direction transverse to the tubes; and
wherein at least some of the tube support plates have different lateral alignments from other lateral support plates, and wherein those different lateral alignments are maintained including by push rods of their respective means for displacing the tube support plate.
10. The tube support displacement system of claim 5 ,
wherein, in a cold condition, the tube support plate is in contact with one or more alignment blocks arranged on the shroud around its perimeter, and said one or more alignment blocks control the lateral position of the tube support plate; and
wherein, in a hot condition, the shroud is dilated relative to the tube support plate, and the tube support plate is laterally displaced with respect to the tube support plate position in the cold condition.