Systems and methods for providing dynamic vacuum pressure in an articulated arm end effector

1. A system for providing dynamic vacuum control to an end effector of an articulated arm, said system comprising:

a first vacuum source for providing a first vacuum pressure with a first maximum air flow rate;

a second vacuum source for providing a second vacuum pressure with a second maximum air flow rate, wherein the second vacuum pressure is higher than the first vacuum pressure and wherein the second maximum air flow rate is greater than the first maximum air flow rate, wherein the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source are provided by a multi-stage ejector that automatically selects between the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source responsive to a change in air pressure at an exit of the multi-stage ejector without using an independently actuatable valve; and

at least one flow sensor for providing a flow sensor signal representative of air flow at the end effector.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said first vacuum pressure is at least about 90,000 Pascals below atmospheric, and said second vacuum pressure is no more than about 50,000 Pascals below atmospheric.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said first maximum air flow rate is at most about 5 cubic feet per minute, and said second maximum air flow rate is at least about 100 cubic feet per minute.

4. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the multi-stage ejector includes a non-return valve.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the system further includes at least one pressure sensor for providing a pressure sensor signal representative of air pressure at the end effector.

6. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the system further includes a release source for providing positive pressure at the end effector for ejecting an object from the end effector.

7. A method of providing a dynamic vacuum source for an end effector, said method comprising the steps of:

providing at the end effector a first vacuum having first vacuum pressure and a first vacuum flow rate;

switching the dynamic vacuum source to provide at the end effector a second vacuum having a second vacuum pressure and a second vacuum flow rate, and second vacuum pressure being higher than the first vacuum pressure, and the second vacuum flow rate being greater than the first vacuum flow rate, wherein the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source are provided by a multi-stage ejector that employs a non-return valve as a selection mechanism to select between the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source; and

confirming, using an output of at least one pressure sensor, that the dynamic vacuum source has switched to the second vacuum pressure that is higher than the first vacuum pressure.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein said first vacuum pressure is at least about 90,000 Pascals below atmospheric, and said second vacuum pressure is no more than about 50,000 Pascals below atmospheric.

9. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein said first vacuum flow rate is at most about 5 cubic feet per minute, and said second vacuum flow rate is at least about 100 cubic feet per minute.

10. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the step of switching the dynamic vacuum source occurs automatically without any input commands.

11. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the method occurs during application of the end effector to an object to be grasped.

12. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the method occurs during a process of lifting an object with the end effector.

13. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the method occurs during a process of moving an object with the end effector.

14. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the method further includes the method of providing a positive air pressure to the end effector to urge an object from the end effector.

15. A system for providing dynamic vacuum control to an opening of an end effector of a programmable motion device, said system comprising:

a first vacuum source for providing at the opening, a first vacuum pressure with a first maximum air flow rate;

a second vacuum source for providing at the opening, a second vacuum pressure with a second maxim um air flow rate, wherein the second vacuum pressure is higher than the first vacuum pressure and wherein the second maximum air flow rate is greater than the first maximum air flow rate, wherein the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source are provided by a multi-stage ejector that employs a non-return valve as a selection mechanism to select between the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source responsive to a change in air pressure at an exit of the multi-stage ejector; and

at least one flow sensor for providing a flow sensor signal representative of air flow at the end effector.

16. The system as claimed in claim 15 , wherein said first vacuum pressure is at least about 90,000 Pascals below atmospheric, and said second vacuum pressure is no more than about 50,000 Pascals below atmospheric.

17. The system as claimed in claim 15 , wherein said first maximum air flow rate is at most about 5 cubic feet per minute, and said second maximum air flow rate is at least about 100 cubic feet per minute.

18. The system as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the system further includes at least one pressure sensor for providing a pressure sensor signal representative of air pressure at the end effector.

19. The system as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the system further includes a release source for providing positive pressure at the end effector for ejecting an object from the end effector.

20. A system for providing dynamic vacuum control to an end effector of an articulated arm, said system comprising:

a first vacuum source for providing a first vacuum pressure with a first maximum air flow rate;

a second vacuum source for providing a second vacuum pressure with a second maximum air flow rate, wherein the second vacuum pressure is higher than the first vacuum pressure and wherein the second maximum air flow rate is greater than the first maximum air flow rate, wherein the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source are provided by a multi-stage ejector that automatically selects between the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source responsive to a change in air pressure at an exit of the multi-stage ejector without using an independently actuatable valve; and

at least one pressure sensor for providing a pressure sensor signal representative of air pressure at the end effector.

21. The system as claimed in claim 20 , wherein said first vacuum pressure is at least about 90,000 Pascals below atmospheric, and said second vacuum pressure is no more than about 50,000 Pascals below atmospheric.

22. The system as claimed in claim 20 , wherein said first maximum air flow rate is at most about 5 cubic feet per minute, and said second maximum air flow rate is at least about 100 cubic feet per minute.

23. The system as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the multi-stage ejector includes a non-return valve.

24. The system as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the system further includes at least one flow sensor for providing a flow sensor signal representative of air flow at the end effector.

25. The system as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the system further includes a release source for providing positive pressure at the end effector for ejecting an object from the end effector.

26. A method of providing a dynamic vacuum source for an end effector, said method comprising the steps of:

providing at the end effector a first vacuum having first vacuum pressure and a first vacuum flow rate;

switching the dynamic vacuum source to provide at the end effector a second vacuum having a second vacuum pressure and a second vacuum flow rate, said second vacuum pressure being higher than the first vacuum pressure, and the second vacuum flow rate being greater than the first vacuum flow rate, wherein the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source are provided by a multi-stage ejector that employs a non-return valve as a selection mechanism to select between the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source; and

confirming, using an output of at least one flow sensor, that the dynamic vacuum source has switched to the second vacuum flow rate that is greater than the first vacuum flow rate.

27. The method as claimed in claim 26 , wherein said first vacuum pressure is at least about 90,000 Pascals below atmospheric, and said second vacuum pressure is no more than about 50,000 Pascals below atmospheric.

28. The method as claimed in claim 26 , wherein said first vacuum flow rate is at most about 5 cubic feet per minute, and said second vacuum flow rate is at least about 100 cubic feet per minute.

29. The method as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the step of switching the dynamic vacuum source occurs automatically without any input commands.

30. The method as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the method occurs during application of the end effector to an object to be grasped.

31. The method as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the method occurs during a process of lifting an object with the end effector.

32. The method as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the method occurs during a process of moving an object with the end effector.

33. The method as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the method further includes the method of providing a positive air pressure to the end effector to urge an object from the end effector.

34. A system for providing dynamic vacuum control to an opening of an end effector of a programmable motion device, said system comprising:

a first vacuum source for providing at the opening, a first vacuum pressure with a first maximum air flow rate;

a second vacuum source for providing at the opening, a second vacuum pressure with a second maximum air flow rate, wherein the second vacuum pressure is higher than the first vacuum pressure and wherein the second maximum air flow rate is greater than the first maximum air flow rate, wherein the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source are provided by a multi-stage ejector that employs a non-return valve as a selection mechanism to select between the first vacuum source and the second vacuum source responsive to a change in air pressure at an exit of the multi-stage ejector; and

at least one pressure sensor for providing a pressure sensor signal representative of air pressure at the end effector.

35. The system as claimed in claim 34 , wherein said first vacuum pressure is at least about 90,000 Pascals below atmospheric, and said second vacuum pressure is no more than about 50,000 Pascals below atmospheric.

36. The system as claimed in claim 34 , wherein said first maximum air flow rate is at most about 5 cubic feet per minute, and said second maximum air flow rate is at least about 100 cubic feet per minute.

37. The system as claimed in claim 34 , wherein the system further includes at least one flow sensor for providing a flow sensor signal representative of air flow at the end effector.

38. The system as claimed in claim 34 , wherein the system further includes a release source for providing positive pressure at the end effector for ejecting an object from the end effector.