Ice-phobic coating formulations and uses thereof
Disclosed in certain embodiments is an ice-phobic coating formulation comprising an elastomer, filler particles, and a cryoprotectant.
1. An ice-phobic coating formulation comprising:
an elastomer;
filler nanoparticles present at a weight percent in the formulation ranging from 1 wt % to 5 wt %; and
glycerol present at a weight percent in the formulation ranging from 1 wt % to 3 wt %,
wherein the formulation is a solventless curable coating formulation.
2. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein a viscosity of the solventless curable coating formulation ranges from 750 cSt to 1,500 cSt.
3. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the elastomer comprises one or more of fluoro-elastomer, fluoro-silicone, or silicone.
4. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the filler nanoparticles comprise one or more of silica nanoparticles, fumed silica, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), graphene, calcium carbonate, or titanium dioxide.
5. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the filler nanoparticles comprise silica nanoparticles having an average size ranging from 10 nm to 50 nm.
6. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the filler nanoparticles comprise PTFE nanoparticles, and wherein the PTFE nanoparticles have an average size ranging from 100 nm to 300 nm.
7. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the filler nanoparticles comprise titanium oxide.
8. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the formulation, when deposited onto a surface and subsequently cured, is capable of forming an ice-phobic coating having an ice adhesion failure stress ranging from 1 kPa to 20 kPa.
9. An ice-phobic coating formed by depositing the formulation of claim 1 on a surface and curing the formulation.
10. A method of forming an ice-phobic coating comprising:
providing an ice-phobic coating formulation, wherein the formulation is a solventless curable coating formulation, and wherein the ice-phobic coating formulation comprises: an elastomer, filler nanoparticles present at a weight percent in the formulation ranging from 1 wt % to 5 wt %, and glycerol present at a weight percent in the formulation ranging from 1 wt % to 3 wt %; and
depositing the ice-phobic coating formulation onto a surface; and
allowing the ice-phobic coating formulation to cure, wherein the deposited ice-phobic coating formulation forms the ice-phobic coating upon curing.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
depositing a silane-based primer layer onto the surface prior to depositing the ice-phobic coating formulation.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein depositing the ice-phobic coating formulation comprises spraying the ice-phobic coating formulation onto the surface.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the elastomer comprises one or more of fluoro-elastomer, fluoro-silicone, or silicone.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the filler particles comprise one or more of silica nanoparticles, fumed silica, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), graphene, calcium carbonate, or titanium dioxide.
15. A ice-phobic coating formulation comprising:
an elastomer comprising silicone;
filler particles comprising silica nanoparticles, wherein the silica nanoparticles are present at a weight percent in the formulation ranging from 1 wt % to 5 wt %; and
a cryoprotectant comprising one or more of trehalose, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), wherein the cryoprotectant is present at a weight percent in the formulation ranging from 1 wt % to 3 wt %,
wherein the ice-phobic coating formulation is adapted to form an ice-phobic coating having an ice adhesion failure stress ranging from 1 kPa to 20 kPa,
wherein the formulation is a solventless curable coating formulation.