Durable optical interference pigment with a bimetal core
In a plurality of asymmetric color-shifting flakes, each flake has an asymmetric magnetic core with a magnetic layer visible on the first side of the core and a non-magnetic reflector layer on the magnetic layer, visible on the second side of the core. The flake has a spacer layer and an absorber layer on the first side of the core, and also a spacer layer and an absorber layer on the second side of the core, for providing color shifting effects. The material of the magnetic layer is different from the material of the reflector layer, and may be more stable when exposed to a chemical. When a coating with the asymmetric color-shifting flakes is exposed to the chemical, it may have better optical performance than a coating with symmetric color-shifting flakes.
1. An asymmetric color-shifting flake comprising:
an asymmetric magnetic structure with a first side and a second side, comprising a magnetic layer on the first side of the asymmetric magnetic structure and a non-magnetic reflector layer on the magnetic layer, on the second side of the asymmetric magnetic structure;
a first spacer layer on the first side of the asymmetric magnetic structure and a first absorber layer on the first spacer layer; and
a second spacer layer on the second side of the asymmetric magnetic structure and a second absorber layer on the second spacer layer.
2. The flake as defined in claim 1 , wherein the first spacer layer is at least partially transparent.
3. The flake as defined in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the magnetic layer and the non-magnetic reflector layer is stable upon exposure to a chemical reagent.
4. The flake as defined in claim 1 , wherein the magnetic layer is more stable when exposed to an alkaline solution than the non-magnetic reflector layer.
5. The flake as defined in claim 1 , wherein the non-magnetic reflector layer comprises aluminum.
6. The flake as defined in claim 3 , wherein the chemical reagent is aqueous sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ).
7. The flake as defined in claim 3 , wherein the chemical reagent is sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
8. The flake as defined in claim 3 , wherein—the chemical reagent is aqueous sodium hypochlorite.
9. The flake as defined in claim 1 , wherein the flake consists of six layers including the non-magnetic reflector layer, the magnetic layer, the first and second spacer layers, and the first and second absorber layers.
10. The flake as defined in claim 1 , wherein the flake omits a second reflector layer.
11. The flake as defined in claim 1 , wherein the flake exhibits a calculated PRDI ranging from 33.3 to 1.11.
12. A coating composition comprising a carrier and a plurality of asymmetric color-shifting flakes as defined in claim 1 , dispersed therein.
13. The coating composition as defined in claim 12 , applied to a surface, wherein the plurality of asymmetric color-shifting flakes are magnetically aligned.
14. The coating composition as defined in claim 12 , wherein a portion of the plurality of asymmetric color-shifting flakes are turned with the magnetic layer side up, and another portion of the plurality of asymmetric color-shifting flakes are turned with the non-magnetic reflector layer side up.
15. An asymmetric color-shifting flake comprising:
an asymmetric structure with a first side and a second side, comprising a first reflector layer on the first side of the asymmetric structure and a second reflector layer on the first reflector layer, on the second side of the asymmetric structure, wherein the first reflector layer is made of a material different from a material of the second reflector layer;
a first spacer layer on the first side of the asymmetric structure and a first absorber layer on the first spacer layer; and,
a second spacer layer on the second side of the asymmetric structure and a second absorber layer on the second spacer layer,
wherein at least one of the first reflector layer and the second reflector layer is stable upon exposure to a chemical reagent.
16. The flake as defined in claim 15 , wherein the flake omits a third reflector layer.
17. The flake as defined in claim 15 , wherein the first and second absorber layers form a single absorber layer that surrounds the asymmetric structure.
18. The flake as defined in claim 15 , wherein the first and second spacer layers form a single spacer layer that surrounds the asymmetric structure.
19. The flake as defined in claim 15 , wherein the first reflector layer exhibits a ΔE* of less than about 10 CIELab units when exposed to the chemical reagent.
20. A method of making the asymmetric color-shifting flake of claim 15 , comprising:
depositing a first absorber layer onto a web;
depositing a first spacer layer onto the first absorber layer;
depositing a magnetic layer onto the first spacer layer;
depositing a reflector layer onto the magnetic layer;
depositing a second spacer layer on the reflector layer; and
depositing a second absorber layer on the second spacer layer.