2-dimensional thermal conductive materials and their use
The development and manufacture of thermal interface materials including, among other forms, greases, pastes, gels, adhesives, pads, sheets, solders and phase change materials, with good through-plane thermal conductivity for thermal interface applications. The good through-plane thermal conductivity is achieved through the formation of a conductive network by the use of thermal conductive material-coated fillers, combinations of thermal conductive material-coated fillers and uncoated fillers.
1. A material comprising:
ceramic filler particles;
graphene, where the graphene is surrounding the ceramic filler particles and forming a coating thereon; and
a resin matrix of at least one of silicone oil or hydrocarbon oil, said ceramic filler particles being dispersed in said resin matrix to form a grease without voids present between the coating on said particles and said resin matrix.
2. The material as claimed in claim 1 wherein the ceramic filler particles are selected from the group consisting of:
a. an oxide,
b. a carbide,
c. a boride, and,
d. nitride.
3. The material as claimed in claim 1 wherein the ceramic filler particles are selected from the group consisting of:
a. alumina,
b. zinc oxide,
c. silica,
d. boron nitride,
e. silicon carbide,
f. aluminum nitride,
g. tin oxide,
h. magnesium oxide,
i. titanium oxide, and,
j. beryllium oxide.
4. The material as claimed in claim 1 further comprising nanoplatelets, said nanoplatelets formed from at least one of graphene or boron nitride with the proviso that at least one of said graphene forming the coating on the ceramic filler particles or said graphene forming said nanoplatelets is prepared from the group consisting of:
a. graphite,
b. carbon black,
c. activated carbon, and
d. pitch.
5. The material as claimed in claim 4 wherein the nanoplatelets have a thickness below 100 nm.
6. The material as claimed in claim 4 wherein the nanoplatelets have a thickness below 50 nm.
7. The material as claimed in claim 4 wherein the nanoplatelets have a thickness below 25 nm.
8. The material as claimed in claim 4 wherein the nanoplatelets have a size below 500 nm.
9. The material as claimed in claim 4 wherein the nanoplatelets have a size below 10 nm.
10. A material comprising:
spherical filler particles;
graphene, where the graphene is surrounding the spherical filler particles and forming a coating thereon;
a plurality of graphene nanoplatelets mixed with the spherical filler particles; and
a resin matrix of at least of silicone oil or hydrocarbon oil, said spherical filler particles and said plurality of graphene nanoplatelets being dispersed in said resin matrix to form a grease without voids present between the coating on said particles and said resin matrix.
11. The thermal interface material as claimed in claim 10 wherein each of said plurality of graphene nanoplatelets have a thickness of below 100 nm.
12. The thermal interface material as claimed in claim 11 wherein each of said plurality of graphene nanoplatelets have a thickness of below 50 nm.
13. The material as claimed in claim 10 wherein each of said plurality of graphene nanoplatelets have a thickness of one carbon atom.
14. The thermal interface material as claimed in claim 11 wherein each of said plurality of graphene nanoplatelets have a thickness of below 10 nm.
15. A method of providing a thermal interface composite, said method comprising:
A. providing a first substrate that is a heat sink;
B. providing a second substrate that is a heat source;
C. placing a thermal interface material as claimed in claim 1 between said first substrate and said second substrate.
16. A method of providing a thermal interface composite, said method comprising:
A. providing a first substrate that is a heat sink;
B. providing a second substrate that is a heat source;
C. placing a thermal interface material as claimed in claim 10 between said first substrate and said second substrate.
17. A composite structure comprising:
a solid heat source;
a solid heat sink;
a thermal interface material as claimed in claim 1 contained between said solid heat source and said solid heat sink.
18. A composite structure comprising:
a solid heat source;
a solid heat sink;
a thermal interface material as claimed in claim 10 contained between said solid heat source and said solid heat sink.