Organic light emitting diode having a mixed blocking layer
The present invention relates to mixed blocking layers and devices, such as organic light emitting diodes and other devices, including the same.
1. An organic light emitting device comprising:
a cathode, an anode, and an organic light emission layer disposed between an electron transport layer and a non-emissive hole transport layer;
the light emission layer comprising an emissive material; and
a mixed electron blocking layer consisting of an electron blocking material and a first transport material, the mixed electron blocking layer positioned between the light emission layer and the hole transport layer such that the mixed electron blocking layer is in direct contact with the light emission layer and the hole transport layer;
wherein the blocking material has a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level shallower than that of the LUMO energy level of the emissive material, and a volume ratio between the blocking material and the first transport material is between 3:1 and 1:3;
wherein at least one of the electron blocking material and the first transport material is an organic compound;
wherein the mixed electron blocking layer is in direct contact with a single light emission layer;
wherein the hole transport layer has a uniform composition and is in direct contact with a non-emissive hole injection layer; and
wherein the hole injection layer has a uniform composition and is in direct contact with the anode.
2. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the blocking material has a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level deeper than that of the HOMO energy level of the emissive material.
3. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the blocking material is selected from the group consisting of 2,2′,2″-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi), di-[4-(N,N-di-p-tolyl-amino)-phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC), 9,9′-diphenyl-6-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-9H,9′H-3,3′-bicarbazole (Tris-PCz), 1,4-bis(triphenylsilyl)benzene (UGH-2), and 9-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3,6-bis(triphenylsilyl)-9H-carbazole (CZSi).
4. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the triplet exciton energy of the first transport material is equal to or greater than the triplet exciton energy of the emissive material.
5. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the triplet exciton energy of the first transport material is lower than the triplet exciton energy of the emissive material.
6. The organic light emitting device of claim 5 , wherein the difference between the triplet exciton energy of the first transport material and the triplet exciton energy of the emissive material is less than 0.5 eV.
7. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first transport material has a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level shallower than that of the LUMO energy level of the emissive material.
8. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first transport material has a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level deeper than that of the HOMO energy level of the emissive material.
9. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first transport material is selected from the group consisting of N,N′-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)-benzidine (NPB), N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)-benzidine (TPD), di-[4-(N,N-di-p-tolyl-amino)-phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC), 9,9′-diphenyl-6-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-9H,9′H-3,3′-bicarbazole (Tris-PCz), and 4,4′-bis(carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl (CBP).
10. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first transport material is selected from the group consisting of tris(8-hydroxy-quinolinato)aluminium (Alq 3 ), bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolate)-4-(phenylphenolato)aluminium (BAlq), 2,7-di(2,2′-bipyridin-5-yl)triphenylene (BPy-TP 2 ), and 2,2′,2″-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi).
11. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the ratio between the blocking material and the first transport material is about 1:1.
12. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the ratio between the blocking material and the first transport material is about 3:1.
13. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the emissive material is Ir(dmp) 3 .
14. The organic light emitting device of claim 13 , wherein the Ir(dmp) 3 is linearly graded in the light emission layer.
15. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the electron blocking layer has a thickness from 5 nm to 20 nm.
16. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 , further comprising a mixed hole blocking layer consisting of a hole blocking material and a second transport material, the mixed hole blocking layer positioned between the light emissive layer and the electron transport layer.
17. The organic light emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the hole blocking material comprises CZSi.