Bird deterrent glass coatings
This invention pertains to UV-absorbing coatings that may optionally be covered with an anti-reflective layer and that are applied to exterior-facing surfaces such as a window or other glass surface that are transparent or translucent. Such coatings are visible to various species of birds, but are generally transparent to humans. The UV absorbing coatings have a silane- or silane-derived chromophore or a combination of a silane- or siloxane-based material and a chromophore, which chromophores absorb UV light at about 300 to about 400 nm. More particularly, the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethoxysilylpropoxy) diphenylketone or a derivative thereof.
1. A coated substrate, comprising
(a) a transparent substrate having at least one surface including at least one exterior facing surface, and a coating on at least a portion of the at least one exterior facing surface of the transparent substrate, wherein the coating deters birds from colliding with the transparent substrate, and the coating comprises:
at least one of:
(i) a silane- or siloxane-based chromophore capable of forming stable bonds with the substrate, absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm and remaining transparent to humans, wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore; and
(ii) a composition comprising a silane and/or a siloxane and a chromophore, wherein the silane and/or siloxane is capable of forming stable bonds with the substrate, and the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm, and
(b) an anti-reflective layer on an exterior facing surface of the coating,
wherein the coating is perceived as opaque by a bird but is perceived as transparent by humans when viewed from an interior or an exterior of the transparent substrate.
2. The coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is chosen from a hydroxyl diphenylketone or a derivative thereof.
3. The coated substrate according to claim 2 , wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethyoxysilylpropoxy)diphenylketone or a derivative thereof.
4. The coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the coating is applied by spraying, dip-coating, or film- or resin-coating techniques.
5. The coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-reflective layer is a transparent membrane.
6. The coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-reflective layer is attached to the coating by at least one of an adhesive bead, a strip, a tape, a foam, a sealant, and a chemical bond.
7. The coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent substrate is a glass substrate and/or a window.
8. The coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore absorbs light at about 325 nm to about 400 nm.
9. The coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is selected from the group consisting of a hydrolysate of 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethoxysilylpropoxy)diphenylketone, a co-hydrolysate of 2-hydroxy-4-(3-triethoxysilylpropoxy)diphenylketone with at least one other alkoxysilane, O-4-methylcoumarinyl-N-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propylcarbamate], 3-(2,4-dinitrophenylamino)propyltriethoxysilane, 7-triethoxysilylpropoxy-5-hydroxyflavone, N-triethoxysilylpropyl-O-quinineurethane and derivatives and combinations thereof.
10. The coated substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 325 nm to about 400 nm but does not absorb light in a range visually perceived by humans.
11. A coated substrate, comprising
(a) a transparent substrate having at least one surface including at least one exterior facing surface and a coating on at least a portion of the at least one exterior facing surface of the transparent substrate, wherein the coating deters birds from colliding with the transparent substrate, and the coating comprises:
at least one of:
(i) a silane- or siloxane-based chromophore capable of forming stable bonds with the substrate, and absorbing UV light, wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is chosen from hydroxyl diphenylketone or a derivative thereof; and
(ii) a composition comprising a silane and/or a siloxane and a chromophore, wherein the silane and/or siloxane is capable of forming stable bonds with the substrate, and the chromophore is capable of absorbing UV light, and
(b) an anti-reflective layer on an exterior facing surface of the coating,
wherein the coating is perceived as opaque by a bird but is perceived as transparent by humans when viewed from an interior or an exterior of the transparent substrate.
12. The coated substrate according to claim 11 , wherein the silane- or siloxane-based chromophore is chosen from hydroxyl diphenylketone or a derivative thereof.
13. The coated substrate according to claim 11 , wherein the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 300 nm to about 400 nm.
14. The coated substrate according to claim 13 , wherein the chromophore is capable of absorbing light at about 325 nm to about 400 nm.