Wet coating compositions for paper substrates, paper substrates coated with the same and process for coating a paper substrate with the same
A wet coating composition useful for coating a cellulosic fiber-based substrate is provided. The composition includes two aqueous emulsions. The first emulsion includes an oxidized paraffin/polyethylene wax and the second emulsion includes an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer wax, ethylene/acrylic amide copolymer wax, ethylene/acrylic acid/acrylic amide copolymer wax or a mixture thereof. The oxidized paraffin/polyethylene wax has a surface energy less than or equal to 2 m N/m being substantially dispersive energy. The wet coating composition when dried forms a coating having a surface energy ranging from 20 to 60 m N/m being the sum of dispersive and polar energies. A process for treating a cellulosic fiber-based substrate with the wet coating composition, a substrate coated and articles including the coated substrate are also described. The process involves a heating step to allow migration of the coating towards a core of the cellulosic fiber-based substrate.
1. A process for treating a cellulosic fiber-based substrate comprising:
applying a coating comprising a wet coating composition onto at least one surface of the cellulosic fiber-based substrate; and
heating the coated substrate to allow migration of the coating towards a core of the cellulosic fiber-based substrate,
wherein the wet coating composition comprises:
a first aqueous emulsion of an oxidized paraffin/polyethylene wax; and
a second aqueous emulsion of an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer wax, an ethylene/acrylic amide copolymer wax, an ethylene/acrylic acid/acrylic amide copolymer wax, or a mixture thereof,
wherein the oxidized paraffin/polyethylene wax has a surface energy less than or equal to 25 mN/m being substantially dispersive energy, and
wherein the wet coating composition when dried forms a coating having a surface energy ranging from 20 to 60 mN/m being the sum of dispersive and polar energies.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein heating the coated substrate comprises:
drying the coating during a first phase at a drying temperature; and
activating the dried coating during a second phase at an activation temperature, to allow migration thereof towards the core of the substrate.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein activating is performed at an activation temperature which is the same as the drying temperature and at an activation residence time which is longer than a drying residence time.
4. The process of claim 2 , wherein applying comprises applying the coating discontinuously as a discontinuous pattern onto the at least one surface to cover at least 70% of said surface with the coating, and wherein activating further allows migration of the dried coating towards non-coated sections of the at least one surface of the cellulosic fiber-based substrate.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein activating allows migration of the coating throughout a thickness of the cellulosic fiber-based substrate.
6. The process of claim 4 , wherein the discontinuous pattern comprises at least one of a strip pattern, a bubble pattern, and a diamond pattern of the coating applied on the at least one surface of the cellulosic fiber-based substrate, with uncoated sections extending therebetween.
7. The process of claim 2 , wherein activating the dried coating comprises corrugating the cellulosic fiber-based substrate.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the surface energy of the oxidized paraffin/polyethylene wax ranges from about 16 to about 21 mN/m.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the surface energy of the coating ranges from about 21 to about 34 mN/m.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the wet composition further comprises a dispersant in the form of an aqueous composition, wherein the dispersant comprises a salt of a polyacrylic acid, a salt of a polyacrylamide, a salt of a carboxylic acid, a mixture of a salt of an alkyl ester and an alkyl diol, or any mixture thereof.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first aqueous emulsion has a solids content varying from about 5 to about 50 wt % and/or the second aqueous emulsion has a solids content varying from about 1 to about 35 wt %.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first aqueous emulsion is present in at least about 60 wt % of the total weight of the wet coating composition and the second aqueous emulsion is present in less than or equal to about 40 wt % of the total weight of the wet coating composition.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first aqueous emulsion is present in at least about 80 wt % of the total weight of the wet coating composition and the second aqueous emulsion is present in less than or equal to about 20 wt % of the total weight of the wet coating composition.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first aqueous emulsion comprises a mixture of C10-C35 paraffins and has a weight percentage of paraffin of about 45 to about 60 wt % based on the total weight of solids of the first emulsion.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first aqueous emulsion is characterized by an onset melting temperature measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) after drying thereof at room temperature, varying from about 20° C. to about 40° C. and by an end melting temperature measured by DSC after drying thereof at room temperature, varying from about 45° C. to about 90° C.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first aqueous emulsion has a particle size distribution characterized by a Surface Weighted Mean D[3,2] ranging from about 0.30 μm to about 0.50 μm and a particle size distribution characterized by a d(0.5) ranging from about 0.30 μm to about 0.60 μm.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second aqueous emulsion comprises an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer wax.
18. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second aqueous emulsion is characterized by an onset melting temperature measured by DSC after drying thereof at room temperature, varying from about 60° C. to about 65° C. and by an end melting temperature measured by DSC after drying thereof at room temperature, varying from about 90° C. to about 95° C.
19. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second aqueous emulsion has a particle size distribution characterized by a Surface Weighted Mean D[3,2] ranging from about 0.05 μm to about 0.2 μm.
20. The process of claim 1 , wherein:
the surface energy of the oxidized paraffin/polyethylene wax ranges from about 16 to about 21 mN/m,
the surface energy of the coating ranges from about 21 to about 34 mN/m,
the first aqueous emulsion comprises a mixture of C10-C35 paraffins and has a weight percentage of paraffin of about 45 to about 60 wt % based on the total weight of solids of the first emulsion,
the second aqueous emulsion comprises an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer wax, and
the wet composition further comprises a dispersant in the form of an aqueous composition, wherein the dispersant comprises a salt of a polyacrylic acid, a salt of a polyacrylamide, a salt of a carboxylic acid, a mixture of a salt of an alkyl ester and an alkyl diol, or any mixture thereof.
21. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic fiber-based substrate is a recycled or virgin liner, medium, chipboard, folding carton, kraftpak paper, paperboard, or bag paper.
22. A coated cellulosic fiber-based substrate obtained by the process of claim 1 .