Heat-expandable microspheres, process for producing the same and application thereof
Heat-expandable microspheres having an almost spherical shape and high expansion performance and exhibiting good workability when mixed with a resin, a process for producing the heat-expandable microspheres, and applications thereof. The heat-expandable microspheres include a thermoplastic resin shell and a blowing agent encapsulated therein and vaporizable by heating. The thermoplastic resin is produced by polymerizing a polymerizable component containing a methacrylate monomer and a carboxyl-containing monomer, and optionally containing a nitrile monomer in an amount ranging from 0 to 30 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the methacrylate monomer and the carboxyl-containing monomer. The blowing agent contains a hydrocarbon having at least 8 carbon atoms per molecule.
1. Heat-expandable microspheres comprising a thermoplastic resin shell and a blowing agent encapsulated therein and vaporizable by heating,
wherein the thermoplastic resin is produced by polymerizing a polymerizable component containing a methacrylate monomer, a carboxyl-containing monomer, and containing no nitrile monomer,
wherein the methacrylate monomer is at least one selected from a methyl methacrylate and an ethyl methacrylate,
wherein the carboxyl-containing monomer is at least one selected from an acrylic acid and a methacrylic acid,
wherein the amount of the methacrylate monomer ranges from 40 to 85 wt % of the total amount of the methacrylate monomer and the carboxyl-containing monomer,
wherein the total amount of the methacrylate monomer and the carboxyl-containing monomer is higher than 90 wt % of the total amount of the polymerizable component,
wherein the blowing agent contains a hydrocarbon having at least 8 carbon atoms per molecule, and
wherein a yellowing index, ΔYI, of the heat-expandable microspheres after heating at 180° C. for 10 min is not higher than 10, the yellowing index is calculated by subtracting the yellowness index of the standard specimen (YI0) from the yellowness index of a sample of the heat-expandable microspheres (YI) which is measured after heating the sample at 180° C. for 10 min.
2. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , having a compressibility index that is lower than 25%.
3. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a gel fraction of the heat-expandable micro spheres after being immersed in DMF for 72hours is not higher than 90%.
4. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , the heat-expandable microspheres having a maximum expansion temperature of at least 100° C.
5. A process for producing heat-expandable microspheres which comprises:
dispersing an oily mixture containing a polymerizable component, a blowing agent and a polymerization initiator in an aqueous dispersion medium, and
polymerizing the polymerizable component,
wherein the polymerizable component contains a methacrylate monomer, a carboxyl-containing monomer, and a cross-linking agent, and contains no nitrile monomer,
wherein the polymerization initiator is at least one selected from a di-(2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate and an azobisisobutylonitrile,
wherein the methacrylate monomer is at least one selected from a methyl methacrylate and an ethyl methacrylate,
wherein the carboxyl-containing monomer is at least one selected from an acrylic acid and a methacrylic acid,
wherein the amount of the methacrylate monomer ranges from 40 to 85 wt % of the total amount of the methacrylate monomer and the carboxyl-containing monomer,
wherein the cross-linking agent is at least one selected from trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, PEG (200) diacrylate, PEG (200) dimethacrylate, PEG (400) diacrylate, PEG (600) diacrylate and PEG(600) dimethacrylate,
wherein the total amount of the methacrylate monomer and the carboxyl-containing monomer is higher than 90 wt % of the total amount of the polymerizable component,
wherein the blowing agent contains a hydrocarbon having at least 8 carbon atoms per molecule, and
wherein a yellowing index, ΔYI, of the heat-expandable microspheres after heating at 180° C. for 10 min is not higher than 10, the yellowing index is calculated by subtracting the yellowness index of the standard specimen (YI0) from the yellowness index of a sample of the heat-expandable microspheres (YI) which is measured after heating the sample at 180° C. for 10min.
6. The process for producing the heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the amount of the polymerization initiator ranges from 0.9 to 10 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the methacrylate monomer and the carboxyl-containing monomer.
7. The process for producing the heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the amount of the cross-linking agent in the polymerizable component ranges from 0 to 0.4 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the methacrylate monomer and the carboxyl-containing monomer.
8. Hollow particles produced by thermally expanding the heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 .
9. A composition containing a base component and the heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 .
10. A formed product produced by forming the composition as claimed in claim 9 .
11. Hollow particles produced by thermally expanding the heat-expandable microspheres produced in the process for producing heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 5 .
12. The heat-expandable microspheres as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polymerizable component contains a cross-linking agent, and the cross-linking agent is at least one selected from trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, PEG (200) diacrylate, PEG (200) dimethacrylate, PEG (400) diacrylate, PEG (600) diacrylate and PEG (600) dimethacrylate.