Blended membranes for water vapor transport and methods for preparing same
Water vapor transport membranes for ERV and other water vapor transport applications are provided. The membranes include a substrate and an air impermeable selective layer coated on the substrate, the selective layer including a cellulose derivative and a sulfonated polyaryletherketone. In some embodiments the sulfonated polyaryletherketone is in a cation form and/or the selective layer includes s PEEK and CA in an s PEEK:CA (wt.:wt.) ratio in the range of about 7:3 to 2:3. Methods for making such membranes are provided. The methods include applying a coating solution/dispersion to a substrate and allowing the coating solution/dispersion to dry to form an air impermeable selective layer on the substrate, the coating solution/dispersion including a cellulose derivative and a sulfonated polyarylether ketone. In some embodiments the sulfonated polyaryletherketone is in a cation form and/or the coating solution/dispersion includes s PEEK and CA in an sPEEK:CA (wt.:wt.) ratio in the range of about 7:3 to 2:3.
1. A water vapor transport membrane comprising a microporous substrate and an air impermeable selective layer coated on a first surface of the substrate to form a substantially non-porous film thereupon, the selective layer comprising sulfonated polyether ether ketone (sPEEK) and cellulose acetate (CA) in an sPEEK:CA (wt.:wt.) ratio in the ramie of about 7:3 to about 2:3, wherein the acetyl content of the CA is in the range of about 20% to about 62%, the degree of sulfonation of the sPEEK is in the ramie of about 23% to about 100%, and the selective layer has a thickness of less than about 5 microns, wherein the sPEEK comprises sPEEK in a cation form.
2. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein about 80% to about 100% of the sPEEK is in a cation form.
3. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the cation form is a sodium ion form.
4. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the coating loading of the selective layer on the substrate is in the range of about 0.5 g/m 2 to about 2.5 g/m 2 .
5. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the selective layer is about 0.75 micron to about 1.25 microns.
6. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the selective layer is sufficiently flexible to allow pleating of the membrane without fracturing the selective layer.
7. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the water vapor permeance of the membrane is at least 9,000 GPU at temperatures in the range of about 25° C. to about 50° C.
8. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the acetic acid crossover through the membrane is less than about 1% at about 25° C. and about 50% relative humidity.
9. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane selectivity for water vapor over acetic acid is greater than about 50 at about 25° C. and about 50% relative humidity.
10. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a polyolefin.
11. A water vapor transport membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate has a thickness of about 5 microns to about 40 microns.
12. A method for making a water vapor transport membrane, the method comprising:
applying a coating solution or dispersion comprising sulfonated polyether ether ketone (sPEEK) and cellulose acetate (CA) to a first surface of a microporous substrate and allowing the coating solution or dispersion to dry to form an air impermeable selective layer as a substantially non porous film on the first surface of the substrate,
wherein the coating solution or dispersion comprises an sPEEK:CA (wt.:wt.) ratio in the range of about 7:3 to about 2:3, the acetyl content of the CA is about 20% to about 62%, the degree of sulfonation of the sPEEK is in the ramie of about 23% to about 100%; and
wherein the selective layer has a thickness of less than about 5 microns,
the method further comprising exchanging sulfonic acid group protons of the sPEEK for cations.
13. A method according to claim 12 , wherein about 80% to about 100% of the sulfonic acid group protons of sPEEK are exchanged for cations.
14. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the cations are sodium ions.
15. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the solids content of the coating solution or dispersion is in the range of about 2.5% to about 10% by weight.
16. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the substrate is a polyolefin.
17. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the substrate has a thickness of about 5 microns to about 40 microns.
18. An energy recovery ventilation (ERV) core comprising a pleated membrane cartridge, the membrane cartridge comprising alternating layers of water vapor transport membranes comprising a microporous substrate and an air impermeable selective layer coated on a first surface of the substrate to form a substantially non-porous film thereupon, the selective layer comprising sulfonated polyether ether ketone (sPEEK) and cellulose acetate (CA) in an sPEEK:CA (wt.:wt.) ratio in the range of about 7:3 to about 2:3, wherein the acetyl content of the CA is in the range of about 20% to about 62%, the degree of sulfonation of the sPEEK is in the range of about 23% to about 100%, and the selective layer has a thickness of less than about 5 microns, with gas flow pathways in between adjacent membrane layers.
19. An energy recovery ventilation (ERV) system comprising an ERV core, the ERV core comprising a pleated membrane cartridge, wherein the membrane cartridge comprises alternating layers of water vapor transport membranes comprising a microporous substrate and an air impermeable selective layer coated on a first surface of the substrate to form a substantially non-porous film thereupon, the selective layer comprising sulfonated polyether ether ketone (sPEEK) and cellulose acetate (CA) in an sPEEK:CA (wt.:wt.) ratio in the range of about 7:3 to about 2:3, wherein the acetyl content of the CA is in the range of about 20% to about 62%, the degree of sulfonation of the sPEEK is in the range of about 23% to about 100%, and the selective layer has a thickness of less than about 5 microns, with gas flow pathways in between adjacent membrane layers.