Method and apparatus for producing biofuel in an oscillating flow production line under supercritical fluid conditions
The invention discloses a method for producing bio-fuel (BF) from a high-viscosity biomass using thermo-chemical conversion of the biomass in a production line ( 10 ) with pumping means (PM), heating means (HM) and cooling means (CM). The method has the steps of 1) operating the pumping means, the heating means and the cooling means so that the production line is under supercritical fluid conditions (SCF) to induce biomass conversion in a conversion zone (CZ) within the production line, and 2) operating the pumping means so that at least part of the production line is in an oscillatory flow (OF) mode. The invention is advantageous for providing an improved method for producing biofuel from a high-viscosity biomass. This is performed by an advantageous combination of two operating modes: supercritical fluid (SCF) conditions and oscillatory flow (OF).
1. A production line for producing biofuel, or other bio-based chemicals, from biomass in a continuous flow, using thermo-chemical conversion of the biomass, comprising:
a biomass inlet,
a tubular reactor,
two double piston-based pumps each having associated valves for control of working pressure situated upstream and downstream relative to the biomass inlet able to act respectively as a combined feeding and oscillation pump and a combined depressurization and oscillation pump which can be operated so as to induce oscillatory local flow having an alternating direction of flow between forward and backward,
heating means (HM) in thermal contact with a first part of the tubular reactor for controlling the temperature in the tubular reactor, and
cooling means (CM) in thermal contact with a second part of the tubular reactor for cooling the biomass under conversion,
wherein the downstream double piston-based pump comprises part of a depressurizing unit and take off unit at an outlet for the product from the production line by which the product is released in a semi-continuous or continuous manner through one or more valves from a high pressure within the tubular reactor; and
wherein the tubular reactor is not equipped with internal baffles that influence mixing.
2. The production line of claim 1 wherein the tubular reactor has a substantially unchanged inner diameter.
3. The production line of claim 1 wherein the tubular reactor is adapted to operate at a pressure of at least 13 MPa.
4. The production line of claim 1 wherein the pumps are electrically driven, hydraulically driven, and/or pneumatically driven.
5. The production line of claim 1 further comprising a heat exchanger including heat clamps made from solid matrixes of heat conducting material that surround the tubular reactor.
6. A method for producing bio-fuel, or other bio-based chemicals, from biomass under continuous flow in the production line of claim 1 , comprising:
operating each of the two double piston-based pumps in a manner such that the two pistons of each double piston-based pump work in counter-phase relative to one another, and controlling the corresponding working pressure of the pistons using the associated valves; and
thermo-chemically converting the biomass in the tubular reactor.
7. A method for producing bio-fuel, or other bio-based chemicals, from biomass under continuous flow in the production line of claim 1 , comprising:
operating the production line in a manner such that the flow in at least part of the tubular reactor oscillates, resulting in a lower viscosity of the biomass and higher heat transfer; and
thermo-chemically converting the biomass in the tubular reactor.
8. A method for producing bio-fuel, or other bio-based chemicals, from biomass under continuous flow in the production line of claim 1 , comprising:
maintaining a conversion zone situated between the first part of the tubular reactor in thermal contact with the heating means and the second art of the tubular reactor in thermal contact with the cooling means at a temperature between 500 K and 650 K; and
thermo-chemically converting the biomass in the tubular reactor.
9. A method for producing bio-fuel, or other bio-based chemicals, from biomass under continuous flow in the production line of claim 1 , comprising:
operating the two double piston-based pumps, the heating means, and the cooling means of the production line in a manner such that a conversion zone (CZ) situated between the first part of the tubular reactor in thermal contact with the heating means and the second art of the tubular reactor in thermal contact with the cooling means is maintained under supercritical or near-supercritical fluid conditions to induce biomass conversion; and
thermo-chemically converting the biomass in the tubular reactor.
10. A method for producing bio-fuel, or other bio-based chemicals, from biomass under continuous flow in the production line of claim 1 , comprising:
thermo-chemically converting the biomass in the tubular reactor in the presence of water or other polar solvents.