Compositions and Methods Relating to Ionic Salts of Peptides

1 .- 32 . (canceled)

33 . A compound of Formula I, or an enantiomer, polymorph, solvate, or hydrate thereof, which is a salt of an amino acid moiety and one or two fatty acids, A and B:

wherein

A and B are the same or different, and each of A and B is independently selected from the group consisting of linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), eicosadienoic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), arachidonic acid (AA), docosadienoic acid, adrenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid (Osbond acid), tetracosatetraenoic acid, and tetracosapentaenoic acid, 24:5 (n-6).

either A or B, but not both, may be absent,

X 1 and X 2 are each independently selected from (CH 2 ) 3 —R 1 , and (CH 2 ) 4 —R 2 , where R 1 and R 2 are each a basic function which may be the same or different, the basic function being selected from the group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine, a tertiary amine, and a guanidine, and

X 3 is H.

34 . The compound of claim 33 , wherein X 1 and X 2 are both (CH 2 ) 4 —R 2 and R 2 is NH 3 +.

35 . The compound of claim 33 , wherein X 1 and X 2 are both (CH 2 ) 3 —R 1 and R 1 is NHC(NH 2 +)NH 2 .

36 . The compound of claim 33 , wherein X 1 is (CH 2 ) 3 —R 1 , R 1 is NHC(NH 2 +)NH 2 , X 2 is (CH 2 ) 4 —R 2 and R 2 is NH 3 +.

37 . The compound of claim 33 , wherein X 1 is (CH 2 ) 4 —R 2 , R 2 is NH 3 +, X 2 is (CH 2 ) 3 —R 1 , and R 1 is NHC(NH 2 +)NH 2 .

38 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 33 , and a carrier.

39 . The pharmaceutical composition of claim 38 , wherein the composition is a solid oral dosage form.

40 . The pharmaceutical composition of claim 38 , wherein the composition is an intravenous dosage form.

41 . The pharmaceutical composition of claim 38 , wherein the composition is an ophthalmic formulation.

42 . The pharmaceutical composition of claim 38 , wherein the composition is a parenteral dosage form.

43 . A package or kit comprising a unit dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition of claim 38 , at least one container for holding the unit dosage forms, and instructions for use.

44 . The compound of claim 34 , wherein A or B is absent and the remainder is arachidonic acid (AA).

45 . The compound of claim 34 , wherein A and B are both present and are each is arachidonic acid (AA).

46 . The compound of claim 35 , wherein A or B is absent and the remainder is arachidonic acid (AA).

47 . The compound of claim 35 , wherein A and B are both present and are each is arachidonic acid (AA).

48 . The compound of claim 36 , wherein A or B is absent and the remainder is arachidonic acid (AA).

49 . The compound of claim 36 , wherein A and B are both present and are each is arachidonic acid (AA).

50 . The compound of claim 37 , wherein A or B is absent and the remainder is arachidonic acid (AA).

51 . The compound of claim 37 , wherein A and B are both present and are each is arachidonic acid (AA).

52 . A composition comprising a compound of claim 33 .

53 . The composition of claim 52 , wherein the composition is a dietary supplement or nutraceutical additive.

54 . A method for treating a metabolic disease or disorder in a human subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 33 , wherein the metabolic disease or disorder is selected from the group consisting of hypertriglyceridemia, severe hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, pre-diabetes, fatty liver disease, and obesity.

55 . A method for treating a cardiovascular disease or disorder in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 33 , wherein the cardiovascular disease or disorder is selected from the group consisting of atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure.

56 . A method for treating an inflammatory disease or disorder in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 33 , wherein the inflammatory disease or disorder is selected from the group consisting of arthritis, irritable bowel syndrome, ophthalmic inflammation disorders, and dry eye syndrome.

57 . A method for treating a gastrointestinal disorder or complication thereof in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 33 , wherein the gastrointestinal disorder or complication thereof is selected from the group consisting of bowel obstruction, short bowel syndrome, Gastroschisis, prolonged diarrhea, high-output fistula, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, colon cancer, familial adenomatous polyposis, parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease, essential fatty acid deficiency, a congenital gastrointestinal anomaly, and necrotizing enterocolitis.

58 . A method for treating a neurological disorder in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 33 , wherein the neurological disorder is selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, ischemic stroke, and concussion.