System and method for generation of point of use reactive oxygen species
Systems and methods for generating reactive oxygen species formulations useful in various oxidation applications. Exemplary formulations include singlet oxygen or superoxide and can also contain hydroxyl radicals or hydroperoxy radicals, among others. Formulations can contain other reactive species, including other radicals. Exemplary formulations containing peracids are activated to generate singlet oxygen. Exemplary formulations include those containing a mixture of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Exemplary formulations include those in which one or more components of the formulation are generated electrochemically. Formulations of the invention containing reactive oxygen species can be further activated to generate reactive oxygen species using activation chosen from a Fenton or Fenton-like catalyst, ultrasound, ultraviolet radiation or thermal activation. Exemplary applications of the formulations of the invention among others include: cleaning in place applications, water treatment, soil decontamination and flushing of well casings and water distribution pipes.
1. A method of generating a superoxide formulation comprising:
co-generating chemical species comprising a hydrogen peroxide and a superoxide at a surface of an electrode;
accumulating said chemical species in a solution mixture having a molar ratio of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide ranging from 0.01:1 to 10:1 and a pH from 8 to a pH of 13; and
distributing the solution mixture to a point of use.
2. A method of generating a superoxide formulation, comprising:
co-generating chemical species comprising a hydrogen peroxide and a superoxide at a surface of an electrode;
accumulating said chemical species in a solution mixture having a molar ratio of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide ranging from 0.01:1 to 10:1 and a pH from 8 to a pH of 13; and
adding to the solution mixture an acid concentrate.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising generating in the solution mixture hydroperoxyl radicals.
4. A method of generating a superoxide formulation, comprising:
co-generating chemical species comprising a hydrogen peroxide and a superoxide at a surface of an electrode;
accumulating said chemical species in a solution mixture having a molar ratio of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide ranging from 0.01:1 to 10:1 and a pH from 8 to a pH of 13; and
activating the solution mixture using a Fenton or a Fenton-like catalyst, an ultrasound, an ultraviolet radiation, or a thermal activation to produce a radical species.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising diluting the solution mixture to a near point of use concentration.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
co-generating chemical species comprising a hydrogen peroxide and a superoxide at a surface of an electrode;
accumulating said chemical species in a solution mixture having a molar ratio of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide ranging from 0.01:1 to 10:1 and a pH from 8 to a pH of 13; and
combining the solution mixture with an additives concentrate.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein said additives concentrate comprise salts, surfactants, co-solvents, stabilizers and/or emulsifiers.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH is from pH 11 to pH 13.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein as distributed to the point of use the solution mixture is in the form of a liquid, an ice, a foam, an emulsion, a microemulsion or an aerosol.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein at the point of use the solution mixture is applied for use by injection, flooding, spraying or circulation.
11. The method of claim 9 , further comprising using the solution mixture at the point of use for a clean-in-place application in food, dairy, beverage or biopharma.
12. The method of claim 9 , further comprising using the solution mixture at the point of use for hard surface cleaning.
13. The method of claim 9 , further comprising using the solution mixture at the point of use for decontamination.
14. The method of claim 9 , further comprising using the solution mixture at the point of use for ground water remediation.
15. The method of claim 9 , further comprising using the solution mixture at the point of use for cleaning of membrane filtration systems.
16. The method of claim 9 , further comprising using the solution mixture at the point of use for flushing of well casings or water distribution pipes.
17. The method of claim 9 , further comprising using the solution mixture at the point of use for in-situ chemical oxidation.
18. The method of claim 1 , comprising adjusting the pH of the solution mixture through addition of an acid concentrate.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH of the solution mixture is adjusted by addition of an acid concentrate before the point of use.
20. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, at the point of use treating a waste water, comprising mixing the solution mixture with the waste water.